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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Topology of a two-dimensional spin-orbit coupled Bose gas

Ana Valdés-Curiel, Dimitrios Trypogeorgos, Qiyu Liang, R. P. Anderson, Ian B. Spielman

Published May 29, 2019• 0 citations
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Cold atoms with laser-induced spin-orbit (SO) interactions provide a platform to explore quantum physics beyond natural conditions of solids. Here we propose and experimentally realize two-dimensional (2D) SO coupling and topological bands for a rubidium-87 degenerate gas through an optical Raman lattice, without phase-locking or fine-tuning of optical potentials. A controllable crossover between 2D and 1D SO couplings is studied, and the SO effects and nontrivial band topology are observed by measuring the atomic cloud distribution and spin texture in momentum space. Our realization of 2D SO coupling with advantages of small heating and topological stability opens a broad avenue in cold atoms to study exotic quantum phases, including topological superfluids.
Dipolar Bose gas with lt;ilt;ilt;igt;SUlt;/ilt;/ilt;/igt;(3) spin−orbit coupling held under a toroidal trap
We consider a dipolar spin-1 Bose gas with SU(3) spin−orbit coupling trapped in a two-dimensional toroidal trap. Due to the combined effects of SU(3) spin−orbit coupling, dipole−dipole interaction, and spin−exchange interaction, the system exhibits a rich variety of ground-state phases and topological defects, including modified stripe, azimuthal distributed petal and triangular lattice, double-quantum spin vortices, and so on. In particular, by studying the spin texture of such a system, it is found that the formation and transformation between meron and skyrmion topological spin textures can be realized by a choice of dipole−dipole interaction, SU(3) spin−orbit coupling, and spin−exchange interaction. We also give an experimental protocol to observe such novel states within current experimental capacity.
We study a two-component Bose gas with artificial spin-orbit coupling (SOC) which couples the center-of-mass momentum of an atom to its internal states. We show that in this system resonance can be induced by tuning SOC strength. With a two-dimensional SOC, resonances in two scattering channels can be induced by tuning the aspect ratio of SOC strengths. With a three-dimensional SOC, resonance in all three scattering channels can be induced by tuning the appropriate SOC strength. Our method can also be applied to a Fermi gas where resonance can also be induced with two- or three-dimensional SOC.