Vortex production in Bose–Einstein condensates

Lauro Tomio, Anacé N. da Silva, Subramaniyan Sabari +1 more

Gary Ruben, David M. Paganin, Michael J. Morgan

Numerical simulations of the interference of a three-way segmented nonrotating Bose-Einstein condensate reveal the production of a honeycomb vortex lattice containing significant numbers of vortices and antivortices. If confined within a trap, the lattice subsequently melts, exhibiting a rich assortment of vortex-antivortex interactions. In contrast with nonlinear vortex production mechanisms previously described for Bose-Einstein condensates, the process here is shown to be primarily one of linear superposition, with initial vortex locations approximately described by a linear theory of wave packet interference.

J.-P. Martikainen, Anna Sanpera, Kalle‐Antti Suominen

B. Chatterjee

The production of quantized vortices having diverse structures is a remarkable effect of rotating Bose-Einstein condensates. Vortex formation described by the mean-field theory is valid only in the regime of weak interactions. The exploration of the rich and diverse physics of strongly interacting BEC requires a more general approach. This study explores the vortex formation of strongly interacting and rapidly rotating BEC from a general ab initio many-body perspective. We demonstrate that the quantized vortices form various structures that emerge from an intricate interplay between the angular momentum and many-body interaction. We examine the distinct impact of the angular velocity and interaction energy on the vortex formation. Our analysis shows that, while the angular rotation generally augments the vortex formation, the interactions can enhance as well as impede the vortices production.

Madison, Chevy, Wohlleben

S. Inouye, J. R. Abo-Shaeer, A. P. Chikkatur +10 more