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Condensed Matter Physics

IMPURITY EFFECTIVE MASS IN SUPERFLUID ^{4}He

Vakarchuk, Babin

Published Jan 1, 1998• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

The system of bose liquid + impurity is considered.The energy spectrum, as well as effective mass of impurity is calculated.For the case of an 3 He atom in superfluid 4 He numerical calculations are performed.
DOI
10.5488/cmp.1.1.161

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Impurity effective mass in superfluid 4^44He
The system of bose liquid + impurity is considered. The energy spectrum as well as effective mass of impurity is calculated. For the case of the $ ^3He$ atom in superfluid 4He^4He4He numerical calculations are performed.
We consider the movement of a 3He impurity atom in the Bose liquid. We suggest to describe the many-particle correlations between atoms of the Bose liquid, by using a deformed Heisenberg algebra. As generalized coordinates, we choose the collective variables that are the Fourier components of fluctuations of the density of Bose particles. The wave function of the investigated system in the zeroth approximation is the product of the wave function of the liquid helium-4 within deformed commutation relations between generalized coordinates and momenta and the plane wave of the impurity atom. We calculate the correction to the ground-state energy of the system “Bose liquid plus impurity” and the effective mass of the impurity atom 3He, by assuming that the boson-impurity interaction is a small perturbation.
A finite one-dimensional microscopic model of a superfluid is presented. The model consists of interacting Bose particles with an additional impurity particle confined to a ring. Both semiclassical and exact quantum calculations reveal dissipationless motion of impurity with increased effective mass due to its interaction with the excitations of Bose fluid. It is shown that both the excitation spectrum of Bose fluid and the excitation spectrum of impurity can be analyzed using the structure of the ground state of the system.
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