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Preparation of a Degenerate, Two-Component Fermi Gas by Evaporation in a Single Beam Optical Trap

S. R. Granade, Michael E. Gehm, Kenneth M. O’Hara, John E. Thomas

Published Nov 19, 2001• 3 citations
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Preparation of a degenerate, two-component Fermi gas by evaporation in a single beam optical trap

S. R. Granade, Michael E. Gehm, Kenneth M. O’Hara +1 more

Summary form only given. We have recently produced a degenerate mixture of the two lowest hyperfine states of fermionic /sup 6/Li in a stable, single-beam CO/sub 2/ laser trap. The trap is loaded from a magneto-optical trap (MOT) at an initial temperature of 150 /spl mu/K. Degeneracy is obtained by forced evaporation, accomplished by continuously lowering the trap depth; the trap is then adiabatically recompressed to full depth. After 60 seconds of forced evaporation, more than 10/sup 5/ atoms remain at temperatures below half of the Fermi temperature. These results are consistent with scaling laws we have derived for the phase-space density as a function of trap depth. This degenerate system is predicted to exhibit a Feshbach resonance at 850 G.

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Experimental Realization of Degenerate Fermi Gases of 87Sr Atoms with 10 or Two Spin Components*

Wei Qi, Ming-Cheng Liang, Han Zhang +4 more

Abstract We report the experimental realization of quantum degenerate Fermi gases of 87Sr atoms under controlled 10- and dual-nuclear-spin configurations. Based on laser cooling and evaporative cooling, we achieve an ultracold Fermi gas of 105 atoms equally distributed over 10 spin states, with a temperature of T/TF=0.21. We further prepare a dual-spin gas by optically pumping atoms to the mF=9/2 and mF=7/2 states and observe a slightly lower T/TF than that for a 10-spin gas under the same trapping condition, showing efficient evaporative cooling under a decreasing number N of spin states ( N ≥ 2 ) despite the increasing importance of Pauli exclusion. Given that rethermalization becomes less efficient with N approaching unity, we evaporatively cool an almost polarized gas to 130 nK. The simple and efficient preparation of ultracold Fermi gases of 87Sr with tunable spin configurations provides a first step towards engineering topological quantum systems.

Chinese Physics Letters•Sep 1, 2019•7 citations

PREPARATION OF AN OPTICALLY-TRAPPED DEGENERATE FERMI GAS OF 6 LI: FINDING THE ROUTE TO DEGENERACY

Michael E. Gehm

•Jan 1, 2003•27 citations

All-Optical Production of a Degenerate Fermi Gas

S. R. Granade, Michael E. Gehm, Kenneth M. O’Hara +1 more

We achieve degeneracy in a mixture of the two lowest hyperfine states of 6Li by direct evaporation in a CO2 laser trap, yielding the first all optically produced degenerate Fermi gas. More than 10(5) atoms are confined at temperatures below 4 microK at full trap depth, where the Fermi temperature for each state is 8 microK. This degenerate two-component mixture is ideal for exploring mechanisms of superconductivity ranging from Cooper pairing to Bose-Einstein condensation of strongly bound pairs.

arXiv:cond-mat/0111344•Physical Review Letters•Mar 8, 2002•279 citations
Summary form only given. We have recently produced a degenerate mixture of the two lowest hyperfine states of fermionic /sup 6/Li in a stable, single-beam CO/sub 2/ laser trap. The trap is loaded from a magneto-optical trap (MOT) at an initial temperature of 150 /spl mu/K. Degeneracy is obtained by forced evaporation, accomplished by continuously lowering the trap depth; the trap is then adiabatically recompressed to full depth. After 60 seconds of forced evaporation, more than 10/sup 5/ atoms remain at temperatures below half of the Fermi temperature. These results are consistent with scaling laws we have derived for the phase-space density as a function of trap depth. This degenerate system is predicted to exhibit a Feshbach resonance at 850 G.
Abstract We report the experimental realization of quantum degenerate Fermi gases of 87Sr atoms under controlled 10- and dual-nuclear-spin configurations. Based on laser cooling and evaporative cooling, we achieve an ultracold Fermi gas of 105 atoms equally distributed over 10 spin states, with a temperature of T/TF=0.21. We further prepare a dual-spin gas by optically pumping atoms to the mF=9/2 and mF=7/2 states and observe a slightly lower T/TF than that for a 10-spin gas under the same trapping condition, showing efficient evaporative cooling under a decreasing number N of spin states ( N ≥ 2 ) despite the increasing importance of Pauli exclusion. Given that rethermalization becomes less efficient with N approaching unity, we evaporatively cool an almost polarized gas to 130 nK. The simple and efficient preparation of ultracold Fermi gases of 87Sr with tunable spin configurations provides a first step towards engineering topological quantum systems.
We achieve degeneracy in a mixture of the two lowest hyperfine states of 6Li by direct evaporation in a CO2 laser trap, yielding the first all optically produced degenerate Fermi gas. More than 10(5) atoms are confined at temperatures below 4 microK at full trap depth, where the Fermi temperature for each state is 8 microK. This degenerate two-component mixture is ideal for exploring mechanisms of superconductivity ranging from Cooper pairing to Bose-Einstein condensation of strongly bound pairs.