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Results in Physics

Magnon-photon induced transparency in a cavity-quantum-electrodynamics system coupling yttrium-iron-garnet sphere

Yamin Huang, Zhen-Qi Hua, Yong-Qing Yang, Yu-Ming Zhao

Published Jul 19, 2019• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Realizing a strong light-matter interaction via magnetic dipoles is of fundamental importance in physics, and a cavity magnonics system has provided a unique platform to achieve strong and even ultrastrong light-matter interaction. In this work, transparency induced by magnon-photon interactions in cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) system coupling a yttrium-iron-garnet (YIG,Y3Fe5O12) (YIG) sphere has been investigated. The spectral separation reveals a linear relationship with the coupling strength, which might find applications in magnon dark state and magnon-based quantum information processing.

DOI
10.1016/j.rinp.2019.102516

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Realizing a strong light-matter interaction via magnetic dipoles is of fundamental importance in physics, and a cavity magnonics system has provided a unique platform to achieve strong and even ultrastrong light-matter interaction. In this work, transparency induced by magnon-photon interactions in cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) system coupling a yttrium-iron-garnet (YIG,Y3Fe5O12) (YIG) sphere has been investigated. The spectral separation reveals a linear relationship with the coupling strength, which might find applications in magnon dark state and magnon-based quantum information processing.
We experimentally demonstrate magnon Kerr effect in a cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) system, where magnons in a small yttrium iron garnet (YIG) sphere are strongly but dispersively coupled to the photons in a three-dimensional cavity. When the YIG sphere is pumped to generate considerable magnons, the Kerr effect yields a perceptible shift of the cavity central frequency and more appreciable shifts of the magnon modes. We derive an analytical relation between the magnon frequency shift and the drive power for the uniformly magnetized YIG sphere and find that it agrees very well with the experimental results of the Kittel mode. Our study paves the way to explore nonlinear effects in the cavity QED system with magnons.
Hybrid quantum systems have attracted much attention due to the fact that they combine the advantages of different physical subsystems. Cavity QED (cavity quantum electrodynamics) with magnons is a hybrid quantum systems that combines a YIG (Yttrium Iron Garnet) sphere and a 3D (three-dimensional) rectangular microwave cavity. Based on this hybrid photon-magnon system, we obtain an approximate analytic solution by the RWA (rotating wave approximation) with an ingenious transformation. After skillfully diagonalizing the Hamiltonian, we show that the Kerr-nonlinearity interactions could yield a negativity value of the Wigner function, periodic quadrature squeezing effects, antibunching property, and field nonclassicality in the magnon. Our work may stimulate the study of nonclassicality of photon-magnon coupling systems and its potential applications in quantum information processing.
Quantum entanglement is a fundamental phenomenon in quantum information science and a crucial resource for quantum technologies such as precision sensing, secure communication, and computation. In hybrid cavity magno-optomechanical systems, entanglement among cavity photons, magnons, and phonons enables manipulation of quantum states across different modes via radiation pressure-based light-matter interaction. We propose a hybrid optomechanical cavity-magnonic setup with Yttrium iron garnet (YIG) sphere allowing magnons to couple with photons via magnetic-dipole interaction. The system also uses optomechanical and electrostatic interactions to entangle cavity photons and mechanical resonators. We focus on how the magnon nonlinear Kerr effect and varying coupling strengths influence entanglement dynamics. By analysing nonlinear effects alongside other coupling parameters, we identify optimal conditions for initiating and sustaining robust entanglement between the motional modes (phonons) of two Coulomb-coupled mechanical resonators. Our model predicts that adding Coulomb interaction and magnon coupling enhances the degree and tunability of entanglement, making it more resilient to thermal baths at 3 K. This study addresses how to optimize and sustain phonon-phonon entanglement in complex hybrid quantum systems. These findings offer insights relevant to developing quantum memories for continuous variable quantum information processing and other quantum technologies.
We propose an alternative scheme to achieve the cross-correlations between magnon and photon in a hybrid nonlinear system including two microwave cavities and one yttrium iron garnet (YIG) sphere, where two cavities nonlinearly interact and meanwhile one of cavities couples to magnon representing the collective excitation in YIG sphere via magnetic dipole interaction. Based on dispersive couplings between two cavities and between one cavity and magnon with the larger detunings, the nonlinear interaction occurs between the other cavity and magnon, which plays a crucial role in generating quantum correlations. By analyzing the second-order correlation functions via numerical simulations and analytical calculations, the remarkable nonclassical correlations are existent in such a system, where the magnon blockade and photon antibunching could be obtainable on demand. The scheme we present is focused on the magnon-photon cross-correlations in the weak coupling regime and relaxes the requirements of experimental conditions, which may have potential applications in quantum information processing in the hybrid system.
Abstract Hybridizing collective spin excitations and a cavity with high cooperativity provides a new research subject in the field of cavity quantum electrodynamics and can also have potential applications to quantum information. Here we report an experimental study of cavity quantum electrodynamics with ferromagnetic magnons in a small yttrium-iron-garnet (YIG) sphere at both cryogenic and room temperatures. We observe for the first time a strong coupling of the same cavity mode to both a ferromagnetic-resonance (FMR) mode and a magnetostatic (MS) mode near FMR in the quantum limit. This is achieved at a temperature ~22 mK, where the average microwave photon number in the cavity is less than one. At room temperature, we also observe strong coupling of the cavity mode to the FMR mode in the same YIG sphere and find a slight increase of the damping rate of the FMR mode. These observations reveal the extraordinary robustness of the FMR mode against temperature. However, the MS mode becomes unobservable at room temperature in the measured transmission spectrum of the microwave cavity containing the YIG sphere. Our numerical simulations show that this is due to a drastic increase of the damping rate of the MS mode.
The generation of robust entanglement in quantum system arrays is a crucial aspect of the realization of efficient quantum information processing. Recently, the field of quantum magnonics has garnered significant attention as a promising platform for advancing in this direction. In our proposed scheme, we utilize a one-dimensional array of coupled cavities, with each cavity housing a single yttrium iron garnet (YIG) sphere coupled to the cavity mode through magnetic dipole interaction. To induce entanglement between YIGs, we employ a local squeezed drive, which provides the necessary nonlinearity for entanglement generation. Our results demonstrate the successful generation of bipartite and tripartite entanglement between distant magnon modes, all achieved through a single quantum drive. Furthermore, the steady-state entanglement between magnon modes is robust against magnon dissipation rates and environment temperature. Our results may lead to applications of cavity-magnon arrays in quantum information processing and quantum communication systems.