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Authenticated Key Exchange with Synchronized States.

Zheng Yang

Published Jan 1, 2011• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Abstract. Nowadays, most of sensitive applications over insecure network are protected by some authenticated secure channel which is highly relies on specific authenticated key exchange (AKE) protocol. Nevertheless, the leakage of authentication credential used in AKE protocol somehow result in unauthorized exploitation of credential information via identity impersonation (IDI) attack. To address the problem of IDI, we introduce a new dynamic authentication factor for AKE protocols, i.e., the secret execution states, to either prevent IDI attack by detecting attempts thereof, or limit its consequences by on-line detecting situations of previously unidentified IDI. In this paper, we model the security for authenticated key exchange with synchronized states (AKESS) based on Bellare-Rogaway model, and we particularly formalize the IDI and IDI detection. We propose a generic execution states synchronization framework for AKE, in which we utilize the session key to generate the secret execution states on both sides, and present a new AKESS protocol which is provably secure in the standard model. Our goal is to enhance the security of existing authenticated key exchange with long-lived key (AKELL) protocols by equipping them with the capabilities of both IDI prevention and detection without modifications on those protocols.

Related papers

Authenticated key exchange with synchronized state

Zheng Yang, Fei Guo

ABSTRACT We study the problem on how to either prevent identity impersonation (IDI) attacks or limit its consequences by on‐line detecting previously unidentified IDI attacks, where IDI attacks are normally caused by the leakage of identity related long‐term key. Such problem has, up until now, lacked a provably good solution. We deal with this problem through the scenario on authenticated key exchange with synchronized state (AKESS). This work provides a security model for AKESS, in which we particularly formalize the security of synchronized state based on indistinguishability. We propose a two party execution state synchronization framework for symmetric case, based on which we propose a generic compiler for AKESS protocols. Our goal is to transform any existing passively secure KE protocols to AKESS protocols using synchronized state, without any modification on those KE protocols. The new generic compiler is probably secure in the standard model under standard assumptions. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Security and Communication Networks•Mar 10, 2014•3 citations

An RSA-Based Leakage-Resilient Authenticated Key Exchange Protocol Secure against Replacement Attacks, and Its Extensions

SeongHan Shin, Kazukuni Kobara, Hideki Imai

Secure channels can be realized by an authenticated key exchange (AKE) protocol that generates authenticated session keys between the involving parties. In [32], Shin et al., proposed a new kind of AKE (RSA-AKE) protocol whose goal is to provide high efficiency and security against leakage of stored secrets as much as possible. Let us consider more powerful attacks where an adversary completely controls the communications and the stored secrets (the latter is denoted by “replacement” attacks). In this paper, we first show that the RSA-AKE protocol [32] is no longer secure against such an adversary. The main contributions of this paper are as follows: (1) we propose an RSA-based leakage-resilient AKE (RSA-AKE2) protocol that is secure against active attacks as well as replacement attacks; (2) we prove that the RSA-AKE2 protocol is secure against replacement attacks based on the number theory results; (3) we show that it is provably secure in the random oracle model, by showing the reduction to the RSA one-wayness, under an extended model that covers active attacks and replacement attacks; (4) in terms of efficiency, the RSA-AKE2 protocol is comparable to [32] in the sense that the client needs to compute only one modular multiplication with pre-computation; and (5) we also discuss about extensions of the RSA-AKE2 protocol for several security properties (i.e., synchronization of stored secrets, privacy of client and solution to server compromise-impersonation attacks).

IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics Communications and Computer Sciences•Jan 1, 2010•6 citations

An Identity-Based Authenticated Key Exchange Protocol Resilient to Continuous Key Leakage

Jui‐Di Wu, Yuh‐Min Tseng, Sen‐Shan Huang

Identity-based authenticated key exchange (ID-AKE) protocol is an important cryptographic primitive, which is used to establish a session key between two communication participants while authenticating each other. Indeed, most of the existing ID-AKE protocols do not concern with side-channel attacks in the sense that adversaries could obtain partial information of ephemeral/permanent secret keys of users. Recently, several leakage-resilient ID-AKE (LR-ID-AKE) protocols have been proposed to address such attacks. However, these LR-ID-AKE protocols have a restriction that the total leakage information during the life time of the LR-ID-AKE protocol must be bounded to some ratio of ephemeral/permanent secret keys. In this paper, the authors define a new adversary model, termed as identity-based continuous-leakage extended Canetti-Krawczyk (ID-CL-eCK) model. Using the key refreshing procedure (i.e., the multiplicative blinding technique) of permanent secret keys, the first LR-ID-AKE protocol resilient to continuous key leakage is proposed, and it possesses overall unbounded leakage property. Comparisons are given to demonstrate that the proposed protocol is better than the previously proposed ID-AKE protocols in terms of security models and leakage properties. Under the generic bilinear group model, security analysis is made to show that the proposed LR-ID-AKE protocol is secure against adversaries in the new ID-CL-eCK model.

IEEE Systems Journal•Feb 18, 2019•30 citations

Authenticated Key Exchange under Bad Randomness ⋆

Guomin Yang, Shanshan Duan, Duncan S. Wong +2 more

Abstract. We initiate the formal study on authenticated key exchange (AKE) under bad randomness. This could happen when (1) an adversary compromises the randomness source and hence directly controls the randomness of each AKE session; and (2) the randomness repeats in different AKE sessions due to reset attacks. We construct two formal security models, Reset-1 and Reset-2, to capture these two bad randomness situations respectively, and investigate the security of some widely used AKE protocols in these models by showing that they become insecure when the adversary is able to manipulate the randomness. On the positive side, we propose simple but generic methods to make AKE protocols secure in Reset-1 and Reset-2 models. The methods work in a modular way: first, we strengthen a widely used AKE protocol to achieve Reset-2 security, then we show how to transform any Reset-2 secure AKE protocol to a new one which also satisfies Reset-1 security.

•Jan 1, 2011•0 citations

A Leakage-Resilient ID-Based Authenticated Key Exchange Protocol With a Revocation Mechanism

Tung‐Tso Tsai, Yun‐Hsin Chuang, Yuh‐Min Tseng +2 more

Establishing a session key (SSK) is very important for real-world deployment in open networks, which enables secure communication between remote parties. In the past, some authenticated key exchange (AKE) protocols have been proposed to generate a SSK, but the certificate management issue is inhered in the traditional public key infrastructure and must be addressed. To tackle this issue, the identity (ID)-based concept is added to AKE, called ID-AKE. Indeed, the security of the existing AKE/ID-AKE protocols is gaining increasing importance due to some new types of attacks, namely, side-channel attacks. In such attacks, adversaries could obtain secret keys’ partial information during the execution of cryptographic protocols (including AKE/ID-AKE). To withstand such attacks, many leakage-resilient ID-AKE (LR-ID-AKE) protocols resisting side-channel attacks have been proposed. However, these existing LR-ID-AKE protocols have no efficient solution to revoke compromised users. In this article, the first LR-ID-AKE protocol with an efficient revocation mechanism, called LR-RID-AKE, is proposed. The proposed protocol is not only as secure as existing LR-ID-AKE protocols but also able to efficiently revoke compromised users from the system.

IEEE Access•Jan 1, 2021•10 citations

On the leakage-resilient key exchange

Janaka Alawatugoda

Abstract Typically, secure channels are constructed from an authenticated key exchange (AKE) protocol, which authenticates the communicating parties based on long-term public keys and establishes secret session keys. In this paper we address the partial leakage of long-term secret keys of key exchange protocol participants due to various side-channel attacks. Security models for two-party authenticated key exchange protocols have been developed over time to provide security even when the adversary learns certain secret values. This paper combines and extends the advances of security modelling for AKE protocols addressing more granular partial leakage of long-term secrets of protocol participants. Further, we fix some flaws in security proofs of previous leakage-resilient key exchange protocols.

Journal of Mathematical Cryptology•Nov 16, 2017•8 citations
Abstract. Nowadays, most of sensitive applications over insecure network are protected by some authenticated secure channel which is highly relies on specific authenticated key exchange (AKE) protocol. Nevertheless, the leakage of authentication credential used in AKE protocol somehow result in unauthorized exploitation of credential information via identity impersonation (IDI) attack. To address the problem of IDI, we introduce a new dynamic authentication factor for AKE protocols, i.e., the secret execution states, to either prevent IDI attack by detecting attempts thereof, or limit its consequences by on-line detecting situations of previously unidentified IDI. In this paper, we model the security for authenticated key exchange with synchronized states (AKESS) based on Bellare-Rogaway model, and we particularly formalize the IDI and IDI detection. We propose a generic execution states synchronization framework for AKE, in which we utilize the session key to generate the secret execution states on both sides, and present a new AKESS protocol which is provably secure in the standard model. Our goal is to enhance the security of existing authenticated key exchange with long-lived key (AKELL) protocols by equipping them with the capabilities of both IDI prevention and detection without modifications on those protocols.
ABSTRACT We study the problem on how to either prevent identity impersonation (IDI) attacks or limit its consequences by on‐line detecting previously unidentified IDI attacks, where IDI attacks are normally caused by the leakage of identity related long‐term key. Such problem has, up until now, lacked a provably good solution. We deal with this problem through the scenario on authenticated key exchange with synchronized state (AKESS). This work provides a security model for AKESS, in which we particularly formalize the security of synchronized state based on indistinguishability. We propose a two party execution state synchronization framework for symmetric case, based on which we propose a generic compiler for AKESS protocols. Our goal is to transform any existing passively secure KE protocols to AKESS protocols using synchronized state, without any modification on those KE protocols. The new generic compiler is probably secure in the standard model under standard assumptions. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Secure channels can be realized by an authenticated key exchange (AKE) protocol that generates authenticated session keys between the involving parties. In [32], Shin et al., proposed a new kind of AKE (RSA-AKE) protocol whose goal is to provide high efficiency and security against leakage of stored secrets as much as possible. Let us consider more powerful attacks where an adversary completely controls the communications and the stored secrets (the latter is denoted by “replacement” attacks). In this paper, we first show that the RSA-AKE protocol [32] is no longer secure against such an adversary. The main contributions of this paper are as follows: (1) we propose an RSA-based leakage-resilient AKE (RSA-AKE2) protocol that is secure against active attacks as well as replacement attacks; (2) we prove that the RSA-AKE2 protocol is secure against replacement attacks based on the number theory results; (3) we show that it is provably secure in the random oracle model, by showing the reduction to the RSA one-wayness, under an extended model that covers active attacks and replacement attacks; (4) in terms of efficiency, the RSA-AKE2 protocol is comparable to [32] in the sense that the client needs to compute only one modular multiplication with pre-computation; and (5) we also discuss about extensions of the RSA-AKE2 protocol for several security properties (i.e., synchronization of stored secrets, privacy of client and solution to server compromise-impersonation attacks).
Identity-based authenticated key exchange (ID-AKE) protocol is an important cryptographic primitive, which is used to establish a session key between two communication participants while authenticating each other. Indeed, most of the existing ID-AKE protocols do not concern with side-channel attacks in the sense that adversaries could obtain partial information of ephemeral/permanent secret keys of users. Recently, several leakage-resilient ID-AKE (LR-ID-AKE) protocols have been proposed to address such attacks. However, these LR-ID-AKE protocols have a restriction that the total leakage information during the life time of the LR-ID-AKE protocol must be bounded to some ratio of ephemeral/permanent secret keys. In this paper, the authors define a new adversary model, termed as identity-based continuous-leakage extended Canetti-Krawczyk (ID-CL-eCK) model. Using the key refreshing procedure (i.e., the multiplicative blinding technique) of permanent secret keys, the first LR-ID-AKE protocol resilient to continuous key leakage is proposed, and it possesses overall unbounded leakage property. Comparisons are given to demonstrate that the proposed protocol is better than the previously proposed ID-AKE protocols in terms of security models and leakage properties. Under the generic bilinear group model, security analysis is made to show that the proposed LR-ID-AKE protocol is secure against adversaries in the new ID-CL-eCK model.
Abstract. We initiate the formal study on authenticated key exchange (AKE) under bad randomness. This could happen when (1) an adversary compromises the randomness source and hence directly controls the randomness of each AKE session; and (2) the randomness repeats in different AKE sessions due to reset attacks. We construct two formal security models, Reset-1 and Reset-2, to capture these two bad randomness situations respectively, and investigate the security of some widely used AKE protocols in these models by showing that they become insecure when the adversary is able to manipulate the randomness. On the positive side, we propose simple but generic methods to make AKE protocols secure in Reset-1 and Reset-2 models. The methods work in a modular way: first, we strengthen a widely used AKE protocol to achieve Reset-2 security, then we show how to transform any Reset-2 secure AKE protocol to a new one which also satisfies Reset-1 security.
Establishing a session key (SSK) is very important for real-world deployment in open networks, which enables secure communication between remote parties. In the past, some authenticated key exchange (AKE) protocols have been proposed to generate a SSK, but the certificate management issue is inhered in the traditional public key infrastructure and must be addressed. To tackle this issue, the identity (ID)-based concept is added to AKE, called ID-AKE. Indeed, the security of the existing AKE/ID-AKE protocols is gaining increasing importance due to some new types of attacks, namely, side-channel attacks. In such attacks, adversaries could obtain secret keys’ partial information during the execution of cryptographic protocols (including AKE/ID-AKE). To withstand such attacks, many leakage-resilient ID-AKE (LR-ID-AKE) protocols resisting side-channel attacks have been proposed. However, these existing LR-ID-AKE protocols have no efficient solution to revoke compromised users. In this article, the first LR-ID-AKE protocol with an efficient revocation mechanism, called LR-RID-AKE, is proposed. The proposed protocol is not only as secure as existing LR-ID-AKE protocols but also able to efficiently revoke compromised users from the system.
Abstract Typically, secure channels are constructed from an authenticated key exchange (AKE) protocol, which authenticates the communicating parties based on long-term public keys and establishes secret session keys. In this paper we address the partial leakage of long-term secret keys of key exchange protocol participants due to various side-channel attacks. Security models for two-party authenticated key exchange protocols have been developed over time to provide security even when the adversary learns certain secret values. This paper combines and extends the advances of security modelling for AKE protocols addressing more granular partial leakage of long-term secrets of protocol participants. Further, we fix some flaws in security proofs of previous leakage-resilient key exchange protocols.