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Journal of Fourier Analysis and Applications

Uncertainty Principle for Real Functions in Free Metaplectic Transformation Domains

Zhichao Zhang

Published Jun 7, 2019• 53 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s00041-019-09686-w

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Invariances of generalized uncertainty principles

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The free metaplectic transformation is an N-dimensional linear canonical transformation. This transformation operator is useful, especially for signal processing applications. In this paper, in order to characterize simultaneously local analysis of a function (or signal) and its free metaplectic transformation, we extend some different uncertainty principles (UP) from quantum mechanics including Classical Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, Nazarov’s UP, Donoho and Stark’s UP, Hardy’s UP, Beurling’s UP, Logarithmic UP, and Entropic UP, which have already been well studied in the Fourier transform domain.
The free metaplectic transformation (FMT) has gained much popularity in recent times because of its various application in signal processing, paraxial optical systems, digital algorithms, optical encryption and so on. However, the FMT is inadequate for localized analysis of non-transient signals, as such, it is imperative to introduce a unique localized transform coined as the short time free metaplectic transform (STFMT). In this paper, we investigate the STFMT. Firstly, we propose the definition of the STFMT, and provide the time frequency analysis of the proposed transform in the FMT domain. Secondly, we investigate the basic properties of the proposed transform including the reconstruction formula, Moyals formula. The emergence of the STFMT definition and its properties broadens the development of time-frequency representation of higher-dimensional signals theory to a certain extent. Finally, we extend some different uncertainty principles (UP) from quantum mechanics including Liebs, Pitts UP, Heisenbergs uncertainty principle, Hausdorff-Young, Hardys UP, Beurlings UP, Logarithmic UP, and Nazarovs UP which have already been well studied in the FMT domain
We derive Heisenberg uncertainty principles for pairs of Linear Canonical Transforms of a given function, by resorting to the fact that these transforms are just metaplectic operators associated with free symplectic matrices. The results obtained synthesize and generalize previous results found in the literature, because they apply to all signals, in arbitrary dimension and any metaplectic operator (which includes Linear Canonical Transforms as particular cases). Moreover, we also obtain a generalization of the Robertson-Schrödinger uncertainty principle for Linear Canonical Transforms. We also propose a new quadratic phase-space distribution, which represents a signal along two intermediate directions in the time-frequency plane. The marginal distributions are always non-negative and permit a simple interpretation in terms of the Radon transform. We also give a geometric interpretation of this quadratic phase-space representation as a Wigner distribution obtained upon Weyl quantization on a non-standard symplectic vector space. Finally, we derive the multidimensional version of the Hardy uncertainty principle for metaplectic operators and the Paley-Wiener theorem for Linear Canonical Transforms.