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Perumusan Fungsi Green Sistem Osilator Harmonik dengan Menggunakan Metode Integral Lintasan (Path Integral)

Sutisna Sutisna

Published Mar 1, 2017• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The path integral is a method that often used in the quantum problems calculation. For example; the calculation of quantum system energy that has complex potential form. The method gives more easily than perturbation method. The method is also used to derive Green function, which usually used Fourier transformation. The Green function has widely application in quantum physics, since it used to compute solution of inhomogen differential equation as Schrodinger equation. In the particle physics, the Green function used as propagator in Feynman’s diagram. Considering the importance of Green function, and the powerfull of path integral method, in the paper, the method used to derive the formula of Green function for quantum harmonic oscillator system. The system has widely application to give more information of physical phenomena, for example, the atomic vibration in solid state. The result was also compared with Fourier transformation method and both give the same result as hoped.

DOI
10.20527/flux.v6i1.3050

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The path integral is a method that often used in the quantum problems calculation. For example; the calculation of quantum system energy that has complex potential form. The method gives more easily than perturbation method. The method is also used to derive Green function, which usually used Fourier transformation. The Green function has widely application in quantum physics, since it used to compute solution of inhomogen differential equation as Schrodinger equation. In the particle physics, the Green function used as propagator in Feynman’s diagram. Considering the importance of Green function, and the powerfull of path integral method, in the paper, the method used to derive the formula of Green function for quantum harmonic oscillator system. The system has widely application to give more information of physical phenomena, for example, the atomic vibration in solid state. The result was also compared with Fourier transformation method and both give the same result as hoped.
Solution of the harmonic oscillator equation has a goal to get the energy levels of particles moving harmonic. The energy spectrums of one dimensional harmonic oscillator are analyzed by 3 methods: path integral, hypergeometry and operator. Analysis of the energy spectrum by path integral method is examined with Schrodinger equation. Analysis of the energy spectrum by operator method is examined by Hamiltonian in operator. Analysis of harmonic oscillator energy by 3 methods: path integral, hypergeometry and operator are getting same results 𝐸 = ℏ𝜔 (𝑛 + 1 2)
Abstract The Green function method is a powerful technique for solving the initial value problem in quantum mechanics. Once the Green function is solved the whole wavefunction evolution is represented in a concise form and can be evaluated conveniently by numerical integration. We present a method for constructing the Green functions systematically which is different from the conventional methods of eigenfunction expansion or path integration. By using variable changing, function substitution, and Fourier transforms, the time dependent Schrödinger equations can be simplified and the solutions for the simplified equations can be easily derived. We then obtain the Green functions for the original equations by the reverse transforms. The method is demonstrated for the linear potential, the harmonic oscillator, the centrifugal potential, and the centripetal barrier oscillator, where the Green function for the centripetal barrier oscillator has not been solved previously by conventional methods. The method and examples illustrated in this paper can be utilised to strengthen undergraduate courses on quantum mechanics and/or partial differential equation.
A direct procedure for determining the propagator associated with a quantum mechanical problem was given by the Path Integration Procedure of Feynman.The Green function, which is the Fourier Transform with respect to the time variable of the propagator, can be derived later.In our approach, with the help of a Laplace transform, a direct way to get the energy dependent Green function is presented, and the propagator can be obtained later with an inverse Laplace transform.The method is illustrated through simple one dimensional examples and for time independent potentials, though it can be generalized to the derivation of more complicated propagators.
The application for the integrals of the motion of a quantum system in deriving Green function or propagator is presented. The Green function is shown to be the eigenfunction of the integrals of the motion which described initial points of the system trajectory in the phase space. The exact expressions for the Green functions of the dual damped oscillators and the coupled harmonic oscillators are evaluated in co-ordinate representations. The relation between the integrals of the motion method and other methods such as Feynman path integral and Schwinger method are also presented.
The application of the integrals of the motion of a quantum system in deriving Green function or propagator is established. The Greenfunction is shown to be the eigenfunction of the integrals of the motion which described initial points of the system trajectory in the phasespace. The explicit expressions for the Green functions of the damped harmonic oscillator, the harmonic oscillator with strongly pulsatingmass, and the harmonic oscillator with mass growing with time are obtained in co-ordinate representations. The connection between theintegrals of the motion method and other method such as Feynman path integral and Schwinger method are also discussed.
Harmonic oscillator is a part of quantum mechanics which is commonly used as an approximation model to solve cases in physics that are considered complicated. The harmonic oscillator has a function as an energy source, namely as a description of anatomic particles. This research focuses on solving the Schrödinger equation for particles under the influence of a harmonic oscillator potential. This study aims to visualize the wave function and particle probability under the influence of a harmonic oscillator potential. The wave function is obtained by solving the Schrödinger equation. The Schrödinger equation can be solved using a second order differential equation that satisfies the solution of the hermite polynomial. The nature of the first hermite polynomial is the relationship between polynomials that have adjacent orders, the second is the derivative of hermite polynomials and the third is the orthogonality of hermite polynomials. The solution to the Schrödinger equation is in the form of a wave function which is then developed to determine the probability of particles in a harmonic oscillator which is then visualized using Matlab programming. The wave function and particle probability visualization is obtained by plotting the wave function and probability using Matlab programming. Osilator harmonik menjadi salah satu bagian dari mekanika kuantum yang biasa digunakan sebagai model pendekatan untuk menyelesaikan kasus-kasus dalam fisika yang dianggap rumit. Osilator harmonik memiliki fungsi dalam sumber energi yaitu sebagai pendeskripsi partikel anatomik. Penelitian ini memfokuskan bahasan mengenai penyelesaian persamaan Schrödinger untuk partikel dibawah pengaruh potensial osilator harmonik. Penelitian ini bertujuan memvisualisasikan fungsi gelombang dan probabilitas partikel dalam pengaruh potensial osilator harmonik. Fungsi gelombang diperoleh dengan penyelesaian persamaan Schrödinger. Persamaan Schrödinger tersebut dapat diselesaikan menggunakan penyelesaian persamaan diferensial orde 2 yang memenuhi solusi polinomial hermitte. Sifat dari polinom hermitte yang pertama adalah hubungan antar polinom yang memiliki orde berdekatan, kedua adalah derivatif polinom hermitte dan ketiga adalah keortogonalan polinom hermitte. Penyelesaian persamaan Schrödinger tersebut berupa fungsi gelombang yang kemudian dikembangkan untuk mengetahui probabilitas pada partikel dalam osilator harmonik yang kemudian dilakukan visualisasi menggunakan pemrograman Matlab. Visualisasi fungsi gelombang dan probabilitas partikel diperoleh dengan melakukan ploting terhadap fungsi gelombang dan probabilitas menggunakan pemrograman Matlab.