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On Entanglement Entropy and Quantum Complexity in QFT and holography

Dean Carmi

Published May 13, 2019• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Thesis- On Entanglement Entropy and Quantum Complexity in QFT and holography.
DOI
10.5281/zenodo.2789296

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This thesis presents three studies elucidating aspects of entnaglement entropy in holography, harmonic lattices and non-realtivistic quantum field theory. In the first part we review the geodesic bit thread forumlation for holographic entanglement entropy and show that in presence of an event horizon we can recover the holographic thermal entropy. In the second part we study the entanglement hamiltonian for a two-interval system in a harmonic lattice, in both the massless and super massive limit. In the third part we study the symmetry resolved entanglement entropies in a Schrodinger fermionic field theory.
Entanglement entropy (EE) is a concept of paramount importance in modern theoretical physics. Nevertheless, calculating EE in generic interacting theories with non-trivial time dependence is notoriously difficult. In this thesis, we address the real-time dynamics of EE in certain strongly-coupled quantum field theories (QFT) using the Anti-de Sitter/Conformal Field Theory (AdS/CFT) correspondence. We first study the time evolution of EE in an exactly solvable model of two-dimensional CFT with an inhomogeneous sine-square deformation (SSD). We argue that the non-trivial time evolutions driven by the SSD Hamiltonian can be regarded as changing the foliations of spacetime. Remarkably, this leads to the presence of new horizons in the dual three-dimensional bulk. We then compute the EE in SSD CFT using holography and found agreement with CFT results in all comparable cases. Afterwards, we proceed to entanglement dynamics in generic chaotic quantum many-body systems. In the limit of large subsystems and late times, entanglement dynamics is believed to be described by an entanglement membrane effective theory. For 2d CFTs, a degenerate tension function reproduces several results regarding the dynamics of the entropy; this stands in contrast to higher dimensions where the tension is non-degenerate. We use holography to show that, in order to correctly capture the reflected entropy in 2d CFT, one needs to add an additional degree of freedom to the membrane description. Furthermore, we show that the conventional non-degenerate membrane tension function emerges upon introducing a relevant deformation to the CFT, dual to a planar Banados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ) black hole with scalar hair and with an interior Kasner universe. Subsequently, we establish a membrane effective theory for the dynamics of reflected entropy in higher dimensions. Lastly, we apply the membrane theories for reflected entropy to study the time evolution of multiparty entanglement signals. We found that scrambling dynamics generate multiparty entanglement with rich structures.