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Nuclear-nuclear interaction mediated by a mechanically controlled nitrogen-vacancy-center spin in diamond

Wan-Jun Su, Yadong Wu, Zhen‐Biao Yang, Barry C. Sanders

Published May 27, 2019• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We propose a scheme to achieve nuclear-nuclear indirect interactions mediated by a mechanically driven nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond. Here we demonstrate two-qubit entangling gates and quantum-state transfer between two carbon nuclei in diamond. In such a system, the NV center interacts with a nearby nuclear spin via a dipole-dipole interaction. Under the quantum Zeno condition, the scheme is robust against decoherence caused by coupling between the NV center (nuclear spins) and the environment. Conveniently, precise control of dipole coupling is not required so this scheme is insensitive to fluctuating positions of the nuclear spins and the NV center. Our scheme provides a general blueprint for multi-nuclear-spin gates and for multi-party communication in a polygon geometry with each vertex occupied by a nuclear spin.

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We propose a scheme to achieve nuclear-nuclear indirect interactions mediated by a mechanically driven nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond. Here we demonstrate two-qubit entangling gates and quantum-state transfer between two carbon nuclei in diamond. In such a system, the NV center interacts with a nearby nuclear spin via a dipole-dipole interaction. Under the quantum Zeno condition, the scheme is robust against decoherence caused by coupling between the NV center (nuclear spins) and the environment. Conveniently, precise control of dipole coupling is not required so this scheme is insensitive to fluctuating positions of the nuclear spins and the NV center. Our scheme provides a general blueprint for multi-nuclear-spin gates and for multi-party communication in a polygon geometry with each vertex occupied by a nuclear spin.
Abstract We propose a scheme to achieve nuclear–nuclear indirect interactions mediated by a mechanically driven nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in a diamond. Here we demonstrate two-qubit entangling gates and quantum-state transfer between two carbon nuclei. When the dipole–dipole interaction strength is much larger than the driving field strength, the scheme is robust against decoherence caused by coupling between the NV center (nuclear spins) and the environment. Conveniently, precise control of dipole coupling is not required so this scheme is insensitive to fluctuating positions of the nuclear spins and the NV center. Our scheme provides a general blueprint for multi-nuclear-spin gates and for multi-party communication.
Defect centers in diamond are exceptional solid-state quantum systems that can have exceedingly long electron and nuclear spin coherence times. So far, single-qubit gates for the nitrogen nuclear spin, a two-qubit gate with a nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center electron spin, and entanglement between nearby nitrogen nuclear spins have been demonstrated. Here, we develop a scheme to implement a universal two-qubit gate between two distant nitrogen nuclear spins. Virtual excitation of an NV center that is embedded in an optical cavity can scatter a laser photon into the cavity mode; we show that this process depends on the nuclear spin state of the nitrogen atom. If two NV centers are simultaneously coupled to a common cavity mode and individually excited, virtual cavity photon exchange can mediate an effective interaction between the nuclear spin qubits, conditioned on the spin state of both nuclei, which implements a universal controlled-Z\mathit{Z}Z gate. We predict operation times below $10\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{s}$, which is four orders of magnitude faster than the decoherence time of nuclear spin qubits in diamond.
Selective control of qubits in a quantum register for the purposes of quantum information processing represents a critical challenge for dense spin ensembles in solid-state systems. Here we present a protocol that achieves a complete set of selective electron-nuclear gates and single nuclear rotations in such an ensemble in diamond facilitated by a nearby nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center. The protocol suppresses internuclear interactions as well as unwanted coupling between the NV center and other spins of the ensemble to achieve quantum gate fidelities well exceeding 99%. Notably, our method can be applied to weakly coupled, distant spins representing a scalable procedure that exploits the exceptional properties of nuclear spins in diamond as robust quantum memories.
We show that arbitrary NNN-qubit interactions among nuclear spins can be achieved efficiently in solid state quantum platforms, such as nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond, by exerting control only on the electron spin coupled to the nuclei. This allows to exploit nuclear spins as robust quantum registers and the direct measurement of nuclear many-body correlators. The method takes advantage of recently introduced dynamical decoupling techniques and avoids the necessity of external, slow, control on the nuclei. Our protocol is general, being applicable to other nuclear spin-based platforms with electronic spin defects acting as mediators as silicon carbide.
We propose a scheme enabling controlled quantum coherent interactions between separated nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond in the presence of strong magnetic fluctuations. The proposed scheme couples nuclear qubits employing the magnetic dipole-dipole interaction between the electron spins and, crucially, benefits from the suppression of the effect of environmental magnetic field fluctuations thanks to a strong microwave driving. This scheme provides a basic building block for a full-scale quantum-information processor or quantum simulator based on solid-state technology.
The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond is a promising candidate for development of quantum communication and simulation devices which are based on the control of coupled quantum systems. It offers an optical readout of its spin state, exhibits long coherence times and allows to coherently control nearby nuclear spins, e.g. from 13C nuclei, even at room-temperature. For successful demonstration of such systems however, controlling the nuclear spin environment, and thus tuning the coupling strengths is crucial to allow the fabrication of a scalable platforms. The combination of Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) of diamond as a method with isotopic control on the diamond composition and ion implantation as a tool to reliably create NV centers is a perfect toolkit to study the realization such quantum systems.