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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Generation and Detection of Down-converted Photon Pairs at 2.080 µm

Shashi Prabhakar, Taylor Shields, Damian Powell, Gregor G. Taylor, Dmitry Morozov, Mehdi Haji Ebrahim, Michael Kues, Lucia Caspani, Corin B. E. Gawith, Robert H. Hadfield, Matteo Clerici

Published Jan 1, 2019• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report the generation and coincidence-to-accidental ratio characterization of a pulsed spontaneous parametric down-conversion photon pair source at 2.080 µm, as a basis for free-space quantum communication in an atmospheric window with low solar background.
DOI
10.1364/cleo_at.2019.jtu2a.41

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International journal of innovation and applied studies•Nov 15, 2014•0 citations
Generation and Detection of Down-converted Photon Pairs at 2.080 μm2.080\ \boldsymbol{\mu} \mathbf{m}2.080 μm
Quantum-optical technologies are transforming communication and metrology by enabling security and sensitivity beyond classical limits. Currently, these technologies are available at visible, near-infrared (NIR) and telecom wavelengths but are strongly underdeveloped at longer wavelengths. There is a growing demand for quantum sources operating in the 2 μm region for various applications. For example, such sources can enable daylight satellite-to-ground based quantum communications by taking advantage of an atmospheric transparency window with reduced solar blackbody radiation compared to telecom wavelengths [1,2,3]. Moreover, squeezed 2 μm sources are expected to have an impact on quantum metrology. For example, in gravitational wave detectors (eg. LIGO), such long wavelengths could reduce the quantum noise and scattering loss from crystalline silicon test masses [4]. Here, we report the generation and characterisation of a photon pair source at 2.080 μm with coincidence-to-accidental ratio (CAR) exceeding 10.
The importance of photon pair generation can never be overemphasized. It has formed the basis of most fundamental quantum optical experiments like Bell-experiments, quantum teleportation and entanglement swapping. However for considerable number of years Quantum Mechanics in general has remained largely theoretical and within the four corners of laboratories. Quantum Key Distribution is one of the first quantum applications to break this barrier. It provides us with unconditionally secured communication by providing us with efficient alternative to classical cryptography. This study forms part of the effort in realizing efficient way of generating photon pairs through the Spontaneous Parametric Down-Conversion process using a nonlinear crystal cut for type-I phase matching. After generating the photon pairs, the paper examined how they can be detected efficiently. We measured the rate of single photon generation (up to 200 kHz) as well as the rate at which they are detected in coincidence (150 coincidences per second). We further investigated a quantum interference effect (the Hong-Ou-Mandel effect) which classical wave theory has failed to describe. This effect has numerous applications in scalable quantum networks and in linear quantum computing. Finally, a remarkable conversion efficiency of 2.2