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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Deterministic Two-photon Controlled-phase Gate Enabled by Induced $\pi$ -phase Shift in Photonic Molecule Generations

Zihao Chen, Yao Zhou, Jung‐Tsung Shen

Published May 5, 2019• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose a novel deterministic two-photon controlled-phase gate scheme enabled by a nonlinear $\pi$ -phase shift imprinted during photonic molecule generations, which serves as a vital building block for scalable photon-based quantum computing network. © 2019 The Author(s)

DOI
10.23919/cleo.2019.8750550

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We propose a novel deterministic two-photon controlled-phase gate scheme enabled by a nonlinear π\piπ -phase shift imprinted during photonic molecule generations, which serves as a vital building block for scalable photon-based quantum computing network. © 2019 The Author(s)
To resolve the intrinsic trade-off between the deterministic nature and scalability of controlled phase gate implementation in the linear optics regime, we propose a novel deterministic two-photon controlled phase gate scheme in chiral quantum nanophotonics. The essential ingredient here is that, a non-linear π-phase shift is imprinted during the photonic molecule generations. On one hand, the gate operates in a deterministic way without the assistance of probabilistic ancilla qubit measurement. On the other hand, the gate implementation is of low complexity to be highly scalable. To date, the chiral coupling is readily underpinned by the advent of directional emission technique. Potential implementation platforms include QD, superconducting qubit, Rydberg atom, or N-V center that is coupled to a PhC waveguide, transmission line, or optical fiber.
Deterministic Two-photon Controlled-phase Gate Enabled by Induced ¥pi¥pi¥pi-phase Shift in Photonic Molecule Generations
A deterministic photon-photon quantum logic gate is a long-standing goal. Building such a gate becomes possible if a light pulse containing only one photon imprints a phase shift of π onto another light field. We experimentally demonstrate the generation of such a π phase shift with a single-photon pulse. A first light pulse containing less than one photon on average is stored in an atomic gas. Rydberg blockade combined with electromagnetically induced transparency creates a phase shift for a second light pulse, which propagates through the medium. We measure the π phase shift of the second pulse when we postselect the data upon the detection of a retrieved photon from the first pulse. This demonstrates a crucial step toward a photon-photon gate and offers a variety of applications in the field of quantum information processing.
The quantum logic between single photons lies at the foundation of deterministic, scalable quantum information processing. However, practical implementation suffers from weak optical nonlinearity, and gate fidelity is intrinsically limited by phase noise and spectral mixing. The authors address these concerns by utilizing an ultrahigh-QQQ photonic microcavity with ${\ensuremath{\chi}}^{2}$ nonlinearity. Two-photon spontaneous emission is thoroughly suppressed by shutting off the coupling channels between this artificial atom and the continuum states of a waveguide. This promising scheme for room-temperature operation is almost within reach of current experiments, and can be generalized to other systems.
Photon-based quantum logic gate has substantial advantages over conventional atom-based designs as a result of a longer coherence time and an inherent compatibility with quantum communication protocol of flying qubits, photons. As a vital logic gate for universal quantum computing, the two-photon controlled-phase gate demands a few-photon nonlinearity, which historically suffers from either an indeterministic nature in the linear optics regime, or a weak nonlinearity within naturally-occurring materials in the nonlinear optics regime. It is intriguing yet challenging to deliver a logic gate design by exploiting a genuine fewphoton nonlinearity. In this dissertation, we study a particular one-dimensional quantum nanophotonic system that offers the desired few-photon nonlinearity through light-matter interactions in the quantum limit (i.e., between light quanta of photons and individual material formation of atoms). Towards this end, we study the exotic photonic trimer state generation to frst demonstrate few-photon nonlinearity. Then we report the breakdown of the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian for correlated multi-photon process to unveil the non-trivial effects of few-photon nonlinearity. Finally by exploiting such a nonlinearity, we present a deterministic two-photon controlled-phase gate proposal, and further showcase universal quantum logic gate designs in quantum nanophotonic systems.