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IETE Journal of Research

On Secure QoS-based NOMA Networks with Multiple Antennas and Eavesdroppers over Nakagami- m Fading

Tam Nguyen Kieu, Duc‐Dung Tran, Dac‐Binh Ha, Miroslav Vozn̆ák

Published May 1, 2019• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper, we study the physical layer security of a downlink multi-input single-output non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system, in which transmit antenna selection (TAS) scheme, users’ quality of service (QoS) requirements, Nakagami-m fading channel, and user selection solution are considered for secure NOMA transmission. Specifically, we investigate the scenario that a base station (BS) (source) communicates with two legitimate user (LU) clusters with different priority depending on their QoS requirements in the presence of multiple passive eavesdroppers over Nakagami-m fading. To enhance the secrecy performance, we examine a TAS scheme and a user selection method. In this context, prior to transmission, a transmit antenna and a user in high-priority LU cluster are jointly selected to maximize the channel quality of the link from the BS to the selected user. Furthermore, together with the selected high-priority user, a user in low-priority LU cluster, which has the best channel condition, is chosen for performing two-user NOMA. In order to evaluate the secrecy performance, tight and asymptotic closed-form expressions of secrecy outage probability for selected LUs and overall system are derived. Our theoretical results confirmed by Monte–Carlo simulation show that in QoS-based NOMA system, high-priority users cause the higher effects on the overall secrecy performance in comparison with low-priority users. Finally, these results also indicate that our proposed communication protocol achieves the secrecy performance greater than conventional protocol.

DOI
10.1080/03772063.2019.1610088

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In this paper, we study the physical layer security of a downlink multi-input single-output non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system, in which transmit antenna selection (TAS) scheme, users’ quality of service (QoS) requirements, Nakagami-m fading channel, and user selection solution are considered for secure NOMA transmission. Specifically, we investigate the scenario that a base station (BS) (source) communicates with two legitimate user (LU) clusters with different priority depending on their QoS requirements in the presence of multiple passive eavesdroppers over Nakagami-m fading. To enhance the secrecy performance, we examine a TAS scheme and a user selection method. In this context, prior to transmission, a transmit antenna and a user in high-priority LU cluster are jointly selected to maximize the channel quality of the link from the BS to the selected user. Furthermore, together with the selected high-priority user, a user in low-priority LU cluster, which has the best channel condition, is chosen for performing two-user NOMA. In order to evaluate the secrecy performance, tight and asymptotic closed-form expressions of secrecy outage probability for selected LUs and overall system are derived. Our theoretical results confirmed by Monte–Carlo simulation show that in QoS-based NOMA system, high-priority users cause the higher effects on the overall secrecy performance in comparison with low-priority users. Finally, these results also indicate that our proposed communication protocol achieves the secrecy performance greater than conventional protocol.
In this paper, we consider the physical layer security of a downlink non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system, in which users' quality of service (QoS) requirements are investigated to perform NOMA and all channels are assumed to follow Nakagami-m fading. Specifically, we investigate the scenario that a source transmits information to two legitimate users (LUs) using NOMA scheme in the presence of a passive eavesdropper, where each LU has the different priority based on its QoS requirements. In order to characterize the secrecy performance, the new closed-form expression of overall secrecy outage probability is derived. Finally, our theoretical analyses validated by Monte-Carlo simulation show that in QoS-based NOMA system, the better secrecy performance of overall communication process can be obtained in case that there is not much difference in the level of priority between LUs.
In this paper, we studied a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) network consisting of one source and two legitimate users (LUs), so-called near and far users according to their distances to the source, and one passive eavesdropper, over Nakagami-\textit{m} fading channel. Specifically, we investigated the scenario that the signals of the far user might or might not be decoded successfully at the eavesdropper and the near user. Thus, we aimed at designing a transmit antenna selection (TAS) secure communication protocol for the network. Then, two TAS solutions, namely Solutions I and II, were proposed. Specifically, solutions I and II focus on maximizing the received signal power between the source and the near user, and between the source and the far user, respectively. Accordingly, the exact and asymptotic closed-form expressions of the secrecy outage probability for the LUs and the overall system were derived. Our analytical results corroborated by Monte Carlo simulation indicate that the secrecy performance could be significantly improved by properly selecting power allocation coefficients and increasing the number of antennas at the source and the LUs. Interestingly, solution II could provide a better overall secrecy performance over solution I.
In this paper, we consider a multi-input multioutput (MIMO) nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) network consisting of one source and two legitimate users (LUs), so-called near and far users according to their distances to the source, and one passive eavesdropper, over Nakagami-m fading channels. Specifically, we investigate the cases where the signals of the far user might or might not be successfully decoded at the eavesdropper and the near user. Thus, we aim to design a transmit antenna selection (TAS) secure communication protocol for the network; where, two TAS solutions, namely Solutions I and II, are proposed. Specifically, Solutions I and II focus on maximizing the received signal power between the source and the near user, and between the source and the far user, respectively. Accordingly, exact and asymptotic closed-form expressions for the secrecy outage probability of the LUs and the overall system are derived. Our analytical results corroborated by the Monte Carlo simulation indicate that the secrecy performance could be significantly improved by properly selecting the power allocation coefficients and increasing the number of antennas at the source and the LUs. Interestingly, solution II is shown to provide a better overall secrecy performance over solution I.
This paper investigates the secrecy performance of a two-user downlink non-orthogonal multiple access systems. Both single-input and single-output and multiple-input and single-output systems with different transmit antenna selection (TAS) strategies are considered. Depending on whether the base station has the global channel state information of both the main and wiretap channels, the exact closed-form expressions for the secrecy outage probability (SOP) with suboptimal antenna selection and optimal antenna selection schemes are obtained and compared with the traditional space-time transmission scheme. To obtain further insights, the asymptotic analysis of the SOP in high average channel power gains regime is presented and it is found that the secrecy diversity order for all the TAS schemes with fixed power allocation is zero. Furthermore, an effective power allocation scheme is proposed to obtain the non-zero diversity order with all the TAS schemes. Monte Carlo simulations are performed to verify the proposed analytical results.
This paper investigates the physical layer security of downlink nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) systems operating over a degenerate keyhole channel in the presence of a multi-antenna eavesdropper. We propose a joint antenna selection framework with transmit antenna selection at the source and receive antenna selection at both legitimate users and eavesdroppers, thus striving to reduce hardware complexity while maximizing secrecy performance. In this framework, the efficacy of confidentiality is assessed for a specific user allocation methodology by deriving the closed-form approximate expression of secrecy outage probability (SOP). Extensive Monte Carlo simulations validate analytical results and reveal that increasing the number of antennas at the source and legitimate users dramatically lowers SOP, whereas a more capable eavesdropper raises the risk of secrecy. Our findings demonstrate that strategic antenna deployment and non-orthogonal access can effectively safeguard communications even through severely scattering environments.
This paper considers a secure nonorthogonal multiple access system, where confidential messages are transmitted from a base station to multiple legitimate destinations and wiretapped by multiple illegitimate receivers. It is assumed that all the channels experience a Nakagami-m fading model and all the nodes are equipped with multiple antennas, respectively. Both noncolluding and colluding eavesdroppers are considered, respectively. A max-min (MM) transmit antenna selection (TAS) strategy is adopted to improve the secrecy performance of the target system, in which both users in user paring are considered simultaneously. In particular, closed-form expressions for the cumulative distribution function of the signal-to-interference-noise ratio at the legitimate user are derived first. Then, we obtain the exact and asymptotic analytical results in a closed form for the secrecy outage probability of an MM TAS scheme. Monte Carlo simulation results are presented to corroborate the correctness of the analysis. The results show that the secrecy diversity order is zero and nonzero for fixed and dynamic power allocations, respectively.