Neuroeconomics and quantum probability theory of decision making and sociality

Vyacheslav I. Yukalov, Didier Sornette

Nobuye Ishibashi-Ohmura, Taiki Takahashi

This study experimentally examined people’s decision making in the Newcomb’s problem. We observed that Savage’s sure-thing principle and Kolmogorovian law of probability was violated. Also, the degree of the violation increased as the reward size increased. By adopting quantum decision theory, we further quantified interference effect as a quantum phase factor. The quantum phase also depended on the reward size; i.e., it increased as the reward size in the unknown box in the Newcomb’s problem increased. Future directions in the application of the present theory to studies in quantum decision theory and neuroeconomics are discussed.

Qiang Sun

Quantum interference effects play a fundamental role in social decision-making, offering a novel perspective beyond classical decision theories. This study explores the theoretical foundations of quantum decision-making, emphasizing the role of quantum probability in explaining cognitive biases, preference reversals, and decision anomalies. The research presents a quantum probability-based decision model and contrasts it with classical probability models. Through theoretical modeling and experimental design, we demonstrate how quantum interference alters decision probabilities and impacts group decision dynamics. The study further examines the applications of quantum decision theory in game theory, policy-making, financial markets, and artificial intelligence. Our findings suggest that quantum probability provides a more comprehensive and realistic framework for understanding human decision-making processes. Future research should focus on empirical validation, interdisciplinary integration, and the application of quantum computing to social decision modeling.

William H. Batchelder, Hans Colonius, Ehtibar N. Dzhafarov

Taiki Takahashi

One of the recent promising theoretical approaches to accounts of the violation of rationality (or generalize the concept of rationality) in human decision making is quantum decision theory. In this expository review article, I introduce 1) problems of rationality in quantum decision theory and 2) relationships between psychophysics, theoretical neuroscience including neuroeconomics, and quantum decision theory.