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Entropy

A New Quantum Blind Signature Scheme with BB84-State

Chen Feng-lin, Zhihua Wang, HU Yong-mo

Published Mar 28, 2019• 19 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The blind signature is widely used in cryptography applications because it can prevent the signer from gaining the original message. Owing to the unconditional security, the quantum blind signature is more advantageous than the classical one. In this paper, we propose a new provable secure quantum blind signature scheme with the nonorthogonal single-photon BB84-state and provide a new method to encode classical messages into quantum signature states. The message owner injects a randomizing factor into the original message and then strips the blind factor from the quantum blind signature signed by the blind signer. The verifier can validate the quantum signature and announce it publicly. At last, the analytical results show that the proposed scheme satisfies all of the security requirements of the blind signature: blindness, unforgeability, non-repudiation, unlinkability, and traceability. Due to there being no use of quantum entanglement states, the total feasibility and practicability of the scheme are obviously better than the previous ones.

DOI
10.3390/e21040336

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The blind signature is widely used in cryptography applications because it can prevent the signer from gaining the original message. Owing to the unconditional security, the quantum blind signature is more advantageous than the classical one. In this paper, we propose a new provable secure quantum blind signature scheme with the nonorthogonal single-photon BB84-state and provide a new method to encode classical messages into quantum signature states. The message owner injects a randomizing factor into the original message and then strips the blind factor from the quantum blind signature signed by the blind signer. The verifier can validate the quantum signature and announce it publicly. At last, the analytical results show that the proposed scheme satisfies all of the security requirements of the blind signature: blindness, unforgeability, non-repudiation, unlinkability, and traceability. Due to there being no use of quantum entanglement states, the total feasibility and practicability of the scheme are obviously better than the previous ones.
In some schemes, quantum blind signatures require the use of difficult-to-prepare multiparticle entangled states. By considering the communication overhead, quantum operation complexity, verification efficiency and other relevant factors in practical situations, this article proposes a non-entangled quantum blind signature scheme based on dense encoding. The information owner utilizes dense encoding and hash functions to blind the information while reducing the use of quantum resources. After receiving particles, the signer encrypts the message using a one-way function and performs a Hadamard gate operation on the selected single photon to generate the signature. Then the verifier performs a Hadamard gate inverse operation on the signature and combines it with the encoding rules to restore the message and complete the verification. Compared with some typical quantum blind signature protocols, this protocol has strong blindness in privacy protection, and higher flexibility in scalability and application. The signer can adjust the signature operation according to the actual situation, which greatly simplifies the complexity of the signature. By simultaneously utilizing the secondary distribution and rearrangement of non-entangled quantum states, a non-entangled quantum state representation of three bits of classical information is achieved, reducing the use of a large amount of quantum resources and lowering implementation costs. This improves both signature verification efficiency and communication efficiency while, at the same time, this scheme meets the requirements of unforgeability, non-repudiation, and prevention of information leakage.
Blind signature has a wide range of applications in the fields of E-commerce and block-chain because it can effectively prevent the blind signer from getting the original message with its blindness. Owing to the potential unconditional security, quantum blind signature (QBS) is more advantageous than the classical ones. In this paper, an efficient and practical quantum blind signature scheme relaxed security model is presented, where quantum superposition, decoy qubits and hash function are used for the purpose of blindness. Compared with previous QBS scheme, the presented scheme is more efficient and practical with a relaxed security model, in which the signer’s dishonest behavior can be detected other than being prevented as in other QBS schemes.
With the development of quantum computers, traditional communication security based on classical computers can no longer guarantee unconditional security. At the same time, a series of encrypted communication solutions that rely on quantum mechanical properties have been spawned. This article focuses on the field of quantum signatures, based on the entangled Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger state, combining group signatures (any member of the group can sign on behalf of the group) and blind signatures (the signer cannot know the accuracy of the signature content) proposed a new quantum group blind signature scheme that utilizes quantum key distribution to achieve unconditional security. By splitting the original message, the scheme strengthens the relevance of the signature participants and makes the signature to have stronger binding. Then, the security of the scheme against internal and external attacks is analyzed. In this scheme, a pleasing efficiency has been achieved, and the non-repudiation of signatures has been enhanced. At the same time, disputed signatures can be traced back to the signer.
In a quantum partially blind signature (QPBS) scheme, the contradiction between anonymity and controllability of completely blind signature (BS) schemes was better solved by adding common negotiated public information between the signer and the requester (the message holder). After reviewing the proposed scheme, we give an analysis about it and then propose a novel QPBS scheme without entanglement. The security without preconditions of this signature scheme is ensured by the secure quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol and quantum one-time pad (QOTP). Furthermore, in the process of security analysis, it proves that our scheme satisfies the foundational attribution of partially blind signature (PBS). Moreover, the scheme can solve the problem we put forward so as to allow it to have a wider application in the future.
Abstract With the continuous development of quantum technology, the quantum signature as an application of quantum cryptography has received great attention. In this paper, we propose a public-key quantum group blind signature scheme based on single-qubit rotations. In this scheme, the group manager generates a public key. Each group member randomly generates his own private key according to the public key. The signer uses his private key and random sequence to generate the signature. The verifier uses the public key to verify the correctness of the quantum signature. The public and private keys can be reused, which simplifies the key management of the signature system. In this scheme, the random sequence is used to enhance the security of the scheme. At the same time, the quantum efficiency is improved by using single-qubit rotations. The security analysis shows that our scheme can ensure the security of the keys, the unforgeability and the non-deniability of the signature.