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Scientific Reports

Remote preparation for single-photon two-qubit hybrid state with hyperentanglement via linear-optical elements

Xian-Fang Jiao, Ping Zhou, Shu-Xin Lv, Zhiyong Wang

Published Mar 20, 2019• 25 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Linear-optical-based quantum information processing has attached much attention since photon is an ideal medium for transmitting quantum information remotely. Until now, there are some important works in quantum state remote preparation, the method for reconstructing quantum state deterministically via linear optics. However, most of the methods are protocols to prepare single-qubit states remotely via linear-optical elements. In this article, we investigate the methods to prepare two-qubit hybrid states remotely. We present a deterministic remote state preparation scheme for an arbitrary two-qubit hybrid state via a hyperentangled Bell state, resorting to linear-optical elements only. The sender rotates the spatial-mode state and polarization state of the hyperentangled photon respectively in accordance with his knowledge of the two-qubit hybrid state, and the receiver can reconstruct the original two-qubit hybrid state by applying appropriate recovery operations. Moreover, we discuss the remote state preparation scheme for the two-qubit hybrid state via partially hyperentangled Bell state.

DOI
10.1038/s41598-018-37159-5

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Linear-optical-based quantum information processing has attached much attention since photon is an ideal medium for transmitting quantum information remotely. Until now, there are some important works in quantum state remote preparation, the method for reconstructing quantum state deterministically via linear optics. However, most of the methods are protocols to prepare single-qubit states remotely via linear-optical elements. In this article, we investigate the methods to prepare two-qubit hybrid states remotely. We present a deterministic remote state preparation scheme for an arbitrary two-qubit hybrid state via a hyperentangled Bell state, resorting to linear-optical elements only. The sender rotates the spatial-mode state and polarization state of the hyperentangled photon respectively in accordance with his knowledge of the two-qubit hybrid state, and the receiver can reconstruct the original two-qubit hybrid state by applying appropriate recovery operations. Moreover, we discuss the remote state preparation scheme for the two-qubit hybrid state via partially hyperentangled Bell state.
Preparing quantum state remotely plays an important role in quantum communication network. Most of the previous protocols for parallel preparation quantum state remotely only consider parallel remote preparation of arbitrary single-qubit states. In this paper, we propose a protocol for parallel remote preparation of two-qubit hybrid states with a two-photon hyperentangled state. The arbitrary two-qubit hybrid states encoded in spatial-mode, frequency, polarization and time-bin degrees of freedom(DOFs) can be remotely prepared via hyperentangled state and optical elements. Moreover, we discuss parallel remote preparation of two-qubit hybrid states via partially hyperentangled state. The protocol for parallel remote preparation of two-qubit hybrid states has the advantage of having high channel capacity for long distance quantum communication by using hyperentangled state simultaneously entangled in spatial-mode, frequency, polarization and time-bin DOFs as the quantum channel.
Quantum remote control, also known as quantum remote implementation of an operator (QRIO), enables the remote manipulation of an arbitrary quantum state by implementing a desired quantum operation at a distant location. Significant progress has recently been made in developing QRIO protocols and their variants. Most existing schemes employ hyperentangled states where entanglement is shared across multiple degrees of freedom (DOFs). However, these protocols typically exploit only one degree of freedom at a time. In this work, we propose a QRIO protocol that simultaneously utilizes the polarization and spatial DOFs of a two-qubit hyperentangled state to remotely implement an arbitrary hybrid operator on an unknown single-photon two-qubit hyperstate. The shared hyperentangled resource is realized using the polarization and spatial modes of photons, while the protocol is constructed using linear optical elements and cross-Kerr nonlinear interactions to facilitate effective photon-photon coupling. Furthermore, the effects of measurement errors arising from finite coherent state distinguishability and coherent state dissipation are analyzed and the corresponding success probability of the protocol is evaluated. The results demonstrate that an appropriate choice of the cross-Kerr phase shift and coherent state amplitude significantly enhances the protocol performance, making the proposed scheme a promising candidate for hybrid quantum communication and distributed quantum information processing.
We present a technique for remotely preparing an arbitrary single-photon hybrid state between two distant nodes. This remote state preparation (RSP) is accomplished with a hyper-entangled state in polarization and time-bin degrees of freedom (DoFs) using some experimentally available optical elements and devices. In our RSP, the sender performs unitary operations on her hyper-entangled photon in accordance with her knowledge of the desired state to be transmitted. By performing a single-photon projective measurement and classical communication, the target state will be reconstructed at the remote receiver’s quantum system. Furthermore, we discuss the RSP via a partially hyper-entangled state. We expect our study can pave the way towards the investigation of long-distance quantum communication scenarios.
Quantum information processing via hyperentanglement can improve the quantum channel capacity for long-distance quantum communication and large-scale quantum communication networks. Some important works have been presented in quantum remote state preparation with hyperentangled states. However, the protocols for quantum operation remote implementation are based on quantum systems encoded in one degree of freedom. We present a quantum operation remote implementation protocol for arbitrary single-qubit operations with two-photon hyperentangled states via cross-Kerr nonlinearities. Moreover, we discuss the scheme for parallel remote implementation of partially unknown quantum operations via two-photon hyperentangled states.
Remote state preparation (RSP) provides a useful way of transferring quantum information between two distant nodes based on the previously shared entanglement. In this paper, we study RSP of an arbitrary single-photon state in two degrees of freedom (DoFs). Using hyper-entanglement as a shared resource, our first goal is to remotely prepare the single-photon state in polarization and frequency DoFs and the second one is to reconstruct the single-photon state in polarization and time-bin DoFs. In the RSP process, the sender will rotate the quantum state in each DoF of the photon according to the knowledge of the state to be communicated. By performing a projective measurement on the polarization of the sender’s photon, the original single-photon state in two DoFs can be remotely reconstructed at the receiver’s quantum systems. This work demonstrates a novel capability for longdistance quantum communication.
In this paper, we put forward two novel schemes for probabilistic remote preparation of an arbitrary quantum state with the aid of appropriate local unitary operations when the sender and the receiver only have partial information of non-maximally entangled state, respectively. The concrete implementation procedures of the novel proposals are given in detail. Additionally, the physical realizations of our proposals are discussed based on the linear optics. Because of that neither the sender nor the receiver need to know fully the information of the partially entangled state, our schemes are useful to not only expand the application range of quantum entanglement, but also enlarge the research field of probabilistic remote state preparation (RSP).