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IEEE Access

Secure Communications in Cooperative D2D Networks by Jointing Wyner’s Code and Network Coding

Hongliang He, Pinyi Ren

Published Jan 1, 2019• 7 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Due to the broadcast nature of wireless device-to-device networks, the transmission of private information is threatened by the exterior eavesdropping. Targeting at this problem, we jointly exploit the Wyner's code and the linear network coding, in this paper, to improve the security. The function of the Wyner's code requires the legitimate channel better than the eavesdropper's channel, so we propose a novel relay selection scheme to achieve this objective. Specifically, two groups of relays have been selected. Relays in one of the groups are selected to forward the private information, and relays in the other group are selected to transmit artificial noise. In this way, we make sure that the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the legitimate receiver is larger than a target value but the SNR at the eavesdropper has a certain probability less than the target value so that the security can be enhanced. Moreover, focusing on the problem that the Wyner's code cannot achieve security if the SNR at the eavesdropper is larger than the target value, we propose a network coding method. In this method, the message to be transmitted is divided into multiple parts, and then these parts are correlated with each other by using network coding. Thus, the eavesdropper also cannot decode the private information even its SNR larger than the target value. We analyze the secrecy outage probability in theory, and the simulation results are provided to confirm our analysis.

DOI
10.1109/access.2019.2903253

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Due to the broadcast nature of wireless device-to-device networks, the transmission of private information is threatened by the exterior eavesdropping. Targeting at this problem, we jointly exploit the Wyner's code and the linear network coding, in this paper, to improve the security. The function of the Wyner's code requires the legitimate channel better than the eavesdropper's channel, so we propose a novel relay selection scheme to achieve this objective. Specifically, two groups of relays have been selected. Relays in one of the groups are selected to forward the private information, and relays in the other group are selected to transmit artificial noise. In this way, we make sure that the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the legitimate receiver is larger than a target value but the SNR at the eavesdropper has a certain probability less than the target value so that the security can be enhanced. Moreover, focusing on the problem that the Wyner's code cannot achieve security if the SNR at the eavesdropper is larger than the target value, we propose a network coding method. In this method, the message to be transmitted is divided into multiple parts, and then these parts are correlated with each other by using network coding. Thus, the eavesdropper also cannot decode the private information even its SNR larger than the target value. We analyze the secrecy outage probability in theory, and the simulation results are provided to confirm our analysis.
Privacy and security have an increasingly important role in wireless networks. A secure communication enables a legitimate destination to successfully retrieve information sent by a source, while it disables the eavesdropper (illegitimate destination) to interpret the intercepted information. Physical (PHY) layer security approaches for wireless communications can prevent eavesdropping without encryption. It exploits the physical characteristics of the wireless channel in order to transmit messages securely. They are typically feasible when the source-destination channel is better than the source-eavesdropper channel. Cooperative schemes are a means to improve the performance of secure wireless communications. We propose an improved relay selection scheme, based on source-eavesdropper channel SNR restriction, that will guarantee the best secrecy rate at the destination under QoS condition. Performance has been studied in terms of secrecy rate, outage probability and average error probability. Simulations shows that the proposed scheme outperforms in terms of the secrecy rate at the destination when compared to techniques in the literature.
The broadcast nature of wireless communications makes transmission susceptible to eavesdropping. Recently, physical-layer security has been extensively studied to secure the wireless transmissions, but the security is severely compromised when the eavesdropper has the superiority in the channel quality. Toward this issue, we in this paper propose a joint ARQ and network coding method exploiting the characteristics of both the physical layer and the link layer. Specifically, we relate the message to be transmitted in the current slot with the successfully decoded messages in previous slots, where the ARQ is employed at the legitimate side to guarantee the successful transmission and decoding. Once one or more received messages fail to be decoded at the eavesdropper, it further prevents the eavesdropper from decoding the transmissions in later slots and thus the message transmitted currently and later is secured at the legitimate side. Moreover, for the more disadvantageous case that the eavesdropper is geographically closer to the transmitter, we further propose a destination-aided network coding scheme, which secures private information no matter where the eavesdropper is. The closed-form expressions of intercept probability and loss probability of the private information are analytically presented. The simulation results are provided to confirm our theoretical findings.
In this paper, we investigate physical layer network coding (PNC) and destination assisted cooperative jamming (DACJ) for physical layer security in wireless sensor networks, in which there is one source, one destination, a cluster of intermediate nodes, and multiple eavesdroppers. Under the PNC protocol, the considered two-hop wireless sensor network implements a complete transmission process in two phases. In the first phase, through sending a jamming signal from the destination and exploiting the PNC at the relay, the relay decodes the exclusive-OR (XOR) performed form of the source and the jamming message. Therefore, the jamming signal can degrade the wire-tap channels without hampering the legitimate channel. In the second phase, the relay transmits the re-encoded message to the destination while eavesdroppers are out of work as they cannot extract information from the signal. Thus, the proposed design can significantly improve the performance of secure wireless communications. Meanwhile, the proposed schemes select one optimal node from the intermediate nodes and give an optimal solution of power allocation to maximize secrecy capacity. Numerical simulation results show that the proposed schemes have a better and more stable secrecy performance than the conventional schemes at the same power consumption.
Physical Layer Security (PLS) provides a promising complementary approach to cryptographic methods for protecting wireless communications from eavesdropping. This paper investigates secrecy enhancement through cooperative relaying and jamming in a wireless network with two legitimate users, one eavesdropper, and five potential relay nodes operating in amplify-and-forward mode. Three relay–jammer selection strategies are considered: random relay and jammer selection, best-SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) relay with random jammer selection, and best-SNR relay with a jammer chosen based on the strongest channel toward the eavesdropper. The secrecy performance of these strategies are evaluated in terms of secrecy rate and secrecy outage probability. The results demonstrate that intelligent relay and jammer selection can significantly improve PLS compared to random selection, highlighting the benefits of cooperation in secure wireless systems.
The utilization of other devices as relays in cooperative device-to-device (D2D) communication systems does not fully guarantee the security of confidential information from being intentionally or unintentionally accessed by eavesdroppers. Therefore, the implementation of a method to enhance the security performance of information is highly necessary. This paper proposes the application of relay selection mechanisms in a communication system with three relay protocols: Amplify-and-Forward (AF), Decode-and-Forward (DF), and Quantize-and-Forward (QF). The research method employs a mathematical modeling approach and simulations. The simulation results demonstrate an improvement in the level of information security in cooperative D2D communication systems using the proposed method in multiple relay protocols. The relay selection method has been evaluated and compared based on the Secrecy Outage Probability (SOP), which is one of the parameters for information security in the communication system. The SOP achieved is smaller with the implementation of the Max-Min relay selection technique in multi-relay cooperative communication networks. Considering the presence or absence of eavesdroppers, the SOP of the DF relay is smaller compared to other protocols. The impact of distance on secrecy capacity also indicates that the DF protocol utilizing multiple relays achieves higher results compared to other protocols, and the increased usage of relays also affects the simulation outcomes.
This paper exploits physical layer network coding (PNC) and friendly jamming to improve their physical layer security in wireless two-hop cooperative communications, consisting of one source-destination pair with the help of multiple intermediate nodes in the presence of one eavesdropper. By sending a jamming signal carrying a random binary message from the selected jammer and utilizing the PNC at the selected relay node, the system can avoid the disadvantage of the friendly jamming to the source-relay channel and do good to the relay-destination channel, thereby achieving better secrecy rate. Assuming global channel state information available and memoryless adversaries, we seek to minimize the secrecy outage probability with the optimal relay and jammer selection. Numerical simulation results show that our schemes outperform the conventional approaches in wireless cooperative communications.