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Book of Abstracts Student Research

Excitations and characterization of quantum turbulence in an atomic superfluid

Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato, E. A. L. Henn, Jorge Amin Seman, G. Roati, Kílvia Mayre Farias Magalhães, R. F. Shiozaki, M. Caracanas, E. R. F. Ramos, Vyacheslav I. Yukalov

Published Jan 1, 2010• 0 citations
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Turbulence excitation in counterstreaming paraxial superfluids of light

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Turbulence in the quantum (superfluid) regime, similarly to its classical counterpart, continues to attract a great deal of scientific inquiry due to the yet high number of unresolved problems. While turbulent states can be routinely created in degenerate atomic gases, there is no generic scheme to produce turbulence in fluids of light. Under paraxial propagation, light in bulk nonlinear media behaves as a two-dimensional superfluid, described by a nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation formally equivalent to the Gross-Pitaevskii model of a weakly interacting Bose gas, where photon-photon interactions are mediated by a third-order (Kerr) nonlinearity. Here we develop the theory describing the onset of a kinetic instability when two paraxial optical fluids with different streaming velocities interact via the optical nonlinearity. From numerical simulations of the nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation, we further characterize the onset of the instability and describe its saturation in the form of vortex nucleation and excitation of turbulence. The experimental observation of such effects is also discussed. The class of instabilities described here thus provide a natural route towards the investigation of quantum (superfluid) turbulence, structure formation, and out-of-equilibrium dynamics in superfluids of light.

arXiv:1802.05553•Physical Review A•Apr 9, 2020•20 citations
A novel concept of quantum turbulence in finite size superfluids, such as trapped bosonic atoms, is discussed. We have used an atomic 87Rb^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb BEC to study the emergence of this phenomenon. In our experiment, the transition to the quantum turbulent regime is characterized by a tangled vortex lines formation, controlled by the amplitude and time duration of the excitation produced by an external oscillating field. A simple model is suggested to account for the experimental observations. The transition from the non-turbulent to the turbulent regime is a rather gradual crossover. But it takes place in a sharp enough way, allowing for the definition of an effective critical line separating the regimes. Quantum turbulence emerging in a finite-size superfluid may be a new idea helpful for revealing important features associated to turbulence, a more general and broad phenomenon.
Turbulence in the quantum (superfluid) regime, similarly to its classical counterpart, continues to attract a great deal of scientific inquiry due to the yet high number of unresolved problems. While turbulent states can be routinely created in degenerate atomic gases, there is no generic scheme to produce turbulence in fluids of light. Under paraxial propagation, light in bulk nonlinear media behaves as a two-dimensional superfluid, described by a nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation formally equivalent to the Gross-Pitaevskii model of a weakly interacting Bose gas, where photon-photon interactions are mediated by a third-order (Kerr) nonlinearity. Here we develop the theory describing the onset of a kinetic instability when two paraxial optical fluids with different streaming velocities interact via the optical nonlinearity. From numerical simulations of the nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation, we further characterize the onset of the instability and describe its saturation in the form of vortex nucleation and excitation of turbulence. The experimental observation of such effects is also discussed. The class of instabilities described here thus provide a natural route towards the investigation of quantum (superfluid) turbulence, structure formation, and out-of-equilibrium dynamics in superfluids of light.