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Acta Physica Polonica A

Squeezing, Sub-Poissonian and Total Noise in Degenerate Six-Wave Mixing Process

Binod Kumar Choudhary, Dilip Kumar Giri

Published Dec 1, 2018• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study a single-mode squeezing, sub-Poissonian and total noise in degenerate six-wave mixing process.We establish the analytic expression of first-order and second-order squeezing in terms of total noise under short-time approximation in degenerate six-wave mixing process.It shows that higher-order squeezing allows a much larger fractional noise reduction than lower-order squeezing.We observe that the squeezed states are associated with large number of photons.We find that squeezing is greater in stimulated process than corresponding squeezing in spontaneous interaction.The photon statistics of the pump mode in the process is investigated and found to be sub-Poissonian in nature.The effect of sub-Poissonian nature of an optical field in terms of total noise is also incorporated.We show that the depth of nonclassicality directly depends on the amount of total noise present in the system.This suggests that the more squeezed the state is, the greater is its total noise in the system.

DOI
10.12693/aphyspola.134.1108

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We study a single-mode squeezing, sub-Poissonian and total noise in degenerate six-wave mixing process.We establish the analytic expression of first-order and second-order squeezing in terms of total noise under short-time approximation in degenerate six-wave mixing process.It shows that higher-order squeezing allows a much larger fractional noise reduction than lower-order squeezing.We observe that the squeezed states are associated with large number of photons.We find that squeezing is greater in stimulated process than corresponding squeezing in spontaneous interaction.The photon statistics of the pump mode in the process is investigated and found to be sub-Poissonian in nature.The effect of sub-Poissonian nature of an optical field in terms of total noise is also incorporated.We show that the depth of nonclassicality directly depends on the amount of total noise present in the system.This suggests that the more squeezed the state is, the greater is its total noise in the system.
We investigate theoretically the generation of squeezed states in spontaneous and stimulated six-wave mixing process quantum mechanically. It has been found that squeezing occurs in field amplitude, amplitude-squared, amplitude-cubed, and fourth power of field amplitude of fundamental mode in the process. It is found to be dependent on coupling parameter “g” (characteristics of higher-order susceptibility tensor) and phase values of the field amplitude under short-time approximation. Six-wave mixing is a process which involves absorption of three pump photons and emission of two probe photons of the same frequency and a signal photon of different frequency. It is shown that squeezing is greater in a stimulated interaction than the corresponding squeezing in spontaneous process. The degree of squeezing depends upon the photon number in first and higher orders of field amplitude. We study the statistical behaviour of quantum field in the fundamental mode and found it to be sub-Poissonian in nature. The signal-to-noise ratio has been studied in different orders. It is found that signal-to-noise ratio is higher in lower orders. This study when supplemented with experimental observations offers possibility of improving performance of many optical devices and optical communication networks.
The concept of fourth-order squeezing of the electromagnetic field is investigated in the fundamental mode in spontaneous and stimulated four- and six-wave mixing processes under the short-time approximation based on a fully quantum mechanical approach. The coupled Heisenberg equations of motion involving real and imaginary parts of the quadrature operators are established. The possibility of obtaining fourth-order squeezing is studied. The dependence of fourth-order squeezing on the number of photons is also investigated. It is shown that fourth-order squeezing, which is a higher-order squeezing, allows a much larger fractional noise reduction than lower-order squeezing. It is shown that squeezing is greater in a stimulated process than the corresponding squeezing in spontaneous interaction. The conditions for obtaining maximum and minimum squeezing are obtained. We have also established the non-classical nature of squeezed radiation using the Glauber–Sudarshan representation.
We investigate theoretically the generation of squeezed states in spontaneous and stimulated five-wave mixing process. It has been found that squeezing occurs in field amplitude, amplitude-squared, amplitude-cubed and fourth-order amplitude states of the fundamental mode in the process. It is found to be dependent on coupling parameter g and phase values of the field amplitude of the fundamental mode. The process involves the absorption of two pump photons each having frequency ω1, emission of two probe photons of same frequency ω2 and a signal photon of frequency ω3. It is shown that squeezing is greater in a stimulated interaction than the corresponding squeezing in the spontaneous process. It is found that the degree of squeezing depends on the photon number in the first and higher orders. We study the statistical behaviour of quantum field in the fundamental mode. It has been found that the field shows sub-Poissonian behavior in this mode.
: In this paper, difference squeezing in the degenerate three-photon absorption six-wave interaction process is examined. The difference squeezing in fields between the pump and Stokes modes can be converted to normal squeezing in the signal mode, and vice versa. It is demonstrated that in the pump mode, amplitude-cubed squeezing is directly turned into normal squeezing in the signal mode. The squeezing in the stimulated interaction, which reduces the depth of classicality of the field amplitude, is seen to be larger than the corresponding squeezing in the spontaneous interaction, despite having the same number of pump photons. Difference squeezing is observable only in certain domain values of pump photons. It is deduced that the multi-photon absorption nonlinear optical approach is the best way to generate optimal squeezed laser light in any optical system.
The squeezing and sub-Poissonian eects of light in third harmonic generation are investigated based on the fully quantum mechanical approach up to the rst order Hamiltonian interaction in gt, where g is the coupling constant between the modes per second and t is the interaction time between the waves during the process in a nonlinear medium.The coupled Heisenberg equations of motion involving real and imaginary parts of the quadrature operators are established.The occurrence of amplitude squeezing eects in both the quadratures of the radiation eld in the fundamental mode is investigated and found to be dependent on the selective phase values of the eld amplitude.The photon statistics of the pump mode in this process have also been investigated and found to be sub-Poissonian in nature.It is shown that for particular phase values the amplitude squeezing and sub-Poissonian photon statistics of light occur simultaneously.It is observed that there is no possibility to produce squeezed light in the harmonic mode up to rst-order interaction in gt.Further, it is found that the normal squeezing in the harmonic mode directly depends upon the amplitude-cubed squeezing of the initial pump eld to the case of second-order interaction in gt.This gives a method of converting higher-order (amplitude-cubed) squeezing of the fundamental mode into normal squeezing of the harmonic mode and vice versa.
We studied squeezing in the difference of the field amplitude in degenerate six wave interaction process, which is a higher-order squeezing effect.It is shown that for uncorrelated modes the normal squeezing in the difference-frequency field directly depends on the difference squeezing of input field modes.It is established that the amplitude-squared squeezing of the fundamental feeds directly into the normal squeezing of the signal mode.Detection of difference and amplitude-squared squeezing in this process is also studied.It is found that squeezing is greater in stimulated process than in spontaneous interaction.