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Measurement

Non-invasive zero-delay time calibration of Hanbury-Brown and Twiss interferometers

A. Wood, Xavier Vidal, Guillermo Muñoz‐Matutano, Thomas Volz

Published Jan 30, 2019• 1 citation
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/j.measurement.2019.01.079

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The Hanbury Brown-Twiss (HBT) effect marked a significant milestone in quantum optics by illustrating that intensity correlations can reveal inherently quantum features of light. Motivated by the structure of the original 8-mode HBT interferometer, we develop a simplified 4-mode toy-model that captures its essential physical ingredients while significantly reducing analytical complexity. Our toy-model provides an intuitive and well-structured framework for examining the desired correlation functions. We investigate whether our toy-model can exhibit genuinely non-classical behaviour by formulating and applying a Bell-type inequality tailored to its specific measurement configuration. Our analysis shows that the correlations generated by the toy-model violate the inequality, indicating the presence of non-local features that are incompatible with any classical hidden-variable description. The results highlight the power of simplified models in uncovering fundamental aspects of non-classicality in optical systems.
The Hanbury Brown–Twiss (HBT) interferometer, which is used to measure the correlation of two photons or two light beams, has played a crucial role in quantum optics and quantum information. We propose a generalized HBT interferometer, which is able to measure the correlation of photons or light beams up to eight in a single experimental run. With an improved time correlated single-photon counting (TCSPC) algorithm, two-, three-, and four-photon coincidence counts, and the degree of fifth-order coherence of pseudothermal light are measured with a data collection time of 60 s. The generalized HBT interferometer can be used to measure the correlation of two multi-photon detection events by simulating photon number resolving detectors with multiple single-photon detectors. The generalized HBT interferometer and improved TCSPC algorithm provide a versatile framework for studying multi-photon correlations and interference, which is helpful to understand the physics of multi-photon interference and may find applications in fluorescence lifetime imaging and other techniques using TCSPC.