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Physica Scripta

Quantum teleporation of thermofields

Thiago Prudêncio, T. M. Rocha Filho, Ademir Eugenio de Santana

Published Jan 31, 2019• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract Quantum teleportation of thermofields in the context of thermofield dynamics (TFD) at single and two thermal baths is proposed. We show using TFD that the non-local correlations associated to the quantum channel and temperature effects in each subsystem can be treated separately, allowing teleportation even if the systems A and B are considered at different temperatures. As a consequence, the temperature effect is treated locally in each subsystem, while the quantum correlation protocol is used for non-locality, allowing the systems A and B be separated at long distances at different temperatures for implementation of the protocol.

DOI
10.1088/1402-4896/ab03b1

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Abstract Quantum teleportation of thermofields in the context of thermofield dynamics (TFD) at single and two thermal baths is proposed. We show using TFD that the non-local correlations associated to the quantum channel and temperature effects in each subsystem can be treated separately, allowing teleportation even if the systems A and B are considered at different temperatures. As a consequence, the temperature effect is treated locally in each subsystem, while the quantum correlation protocol is used for non-locality, allowing the systems A and B be separated at long distances at different temperatures for implementation of the protocol.
Thermofield dynamics (TFD) approach is a real time quantum field method for dealing with finite temperature quantum states in a purified version of usual density operator formalism at finite temperature. In the domain of quantum information, TFD represents a quite promising direction for dealing with qubits under thermal influence and can also be associated to Gaussian states. Here, we propose a generalized TFD mean expectation for the case of thermofield qubits considering the action of gate operators. We propose quantum teleportation protocols involving thermofield states, considering thermal-to-thermal and thermal-to-non-thermal transfering cases. In particular, we discuss the case in which Alice and Bob are at different temperatures. Action of gate operators on the result of the Mandel parameter for thermofields and on Gibbs-like density operators are also discussed. The no-cloning and non-broadcasting theorems in TFD are also considered and cases of superposed thermofield states and maps connecting thermofield vacua at different temperatures are also addressed and associated to metastable and non-equilibrium scenarios.
We investigate the dynamics of non-classical correlations and quantum coherence in open quantum systems by employing metrics like local quantum Fisher information, local quantum uncertainty, and quantum Jensen-Shannon divergence. Our focus here is on a system of two qubits in two distinct physical situations: the first one when the two qubits are coupled to a single-mode cavity, while the second consists of two qubits immersed in dephasing reservoirs. Our study places significant emphasis on how the evolution of these quantum criterion is influenced by the initial state's purity (whether pure or mixed) and the nature of the environment (whether Markovian or non-Markovian). We observe that a decrease in the initial state's purity corresponds to a reduction in both quantum correlations and quantum coherence, whereas higher purity enhances these quantumness. Furthermore, we establish a quantum teleportation strategy based on the two different physical scenarios. In this approach, the resulting state of the two qubits functions as a quantum channel integrated into a quantum teleportation protocol. We also analyze how the purity of the initial state and the Markovian or non-Markovian regimes impact the quantum teleportation process.
Quantum information protocols are often designed in the ideal situation with no decoherence. However, in real setup, these protocols are subject to the decoherence and thus reducing fidelity of the measurement outcome. In this work, we analyze the effect of state-dependent bath on the quantum correlations and the fidelity of a single qubit teleportation. We model our system-bath interaction as qubits interacting with a common bath of bosons, and the state dependence of the bath is generated through a projective measurement on the joint state in thermal equilibrium. The analytic expressions for the time evolution of entanglement, discord and average fidelity of quantum teleportation are calculated. It is shown that due to the presence of initial system-bath correlations, the system maintains quantum correlations for long times. Furthermore, due to the presence of finite long-time entanglement of the quantum channel, the average fidelity is shown to be higher than its classical value.
We investigate the dynamics of non-classical correlations and quantum coherence in open quantum systems by employing metrics like local quantum Fisher information, local quantum uncertainty, and quantum Jensen-Shannon divergence. Our focus here is on a system of two qubits in two distinct physical situations: the first one when the two qubits are coupled to a cavity field whether the system is closed or open, while the second consists of two qubits immersed in dephasing reservoirs. Our study places significant emphasis on how the evolution of these quantum criterion is influenced by the initial state's purity (whether pure or mixed) and the nature of the environment (whether Markovian or non-Markovian). We observe that a decrease in the initial state's purity corresponds to a reduction in both quantum correlations and quantum coherence, whereas higher purity enhances these quantumness. Furthermore, we establish a quantum teleportation strategy based on the two different physical scenarios. In this approach, the resulting state of the two qubits functions as a quantum channel integrated into a quantum teleportation protocol. We also analyze how the purity of the initial state and the Markovian or non-Markovian regimes impact the quantum teleportation process.
We consider locally thermal states (for two qubits) with certain amount of quantum entanglement present between them. Unlike previous protocols we show how work can be extracted by performing local unitary operations on this state by allowing those two qubits to interact with thermal baths of different temperatures, thereby gradually removing the entanglement between them till they reach a direct product state. Also we demonstrate that, further work can be extracted from this direct product state by performing global unitary operation, thereby establishing that work can be extracted from a system composed of locally thermal subsystems even after removing quantum correlations between them if the subsystems are thermalized at different temperatures. Also we show that even if we consider a initial state where there is no entanglement between the two qubits, we can also extract work locally using our method.
We present a streamlined implementation of a computational framework for constructing and analyzing reduced dynamical maps for complex system--bath models at finite temperature. The methodology is based on three established ingredients of quantum dynamics: the Choi--Jamiołkowski isomorphism for the representation of quantum channels, thermofield (TFD) purification of thermal environments, and tensor-train (TT) propagation of the resulting enlarged pure state. The reduced map is obtained from a single unitary propagation in a thermofield-doubled Hilbert space and represented in matrix form through the Choi--Jamiołkowski isomorphism. The TFD evolution is implemented in the TT representation, enabling efficient propagation of high-dimensional purified thermal states. We illustrate the methodology for exciton transfer in the Fenna--Matthews--Olson complex with site-dependent structured spectral densities represented by discretized bosonic environments. The resulting maps are used to analyze decoherence, relaxation, and finite-memory effects, and to assess the crossover to an effectively time-local description. The proposed approach provides a route to compute reduced propagators and to post-process them into memory kernels, transfer tensors, and effective kinetic rate descriptions for complex molecular systems.