We consider two-dimensional spinor F = 1 Bose–Einstein condensates in two types of radially-periodic potentials with spin–orbit coupling, i.e. , spin-independent and spin-dependent radially-periodic potentials. For the Bose–Einstein condensates in a spin-independent radially-periodic potential, the density of each component exhibits the periodic density modulation along the azimuthal direction, which realizes the necklacelike state in the ferromagnetic Bose–Einstein condensates. As the spin-exchange interaction increases, the necklacelike state gradually transition to the plane wave phase for the antiferromagnetic Bose–Einstein condensates with larger spin–orbit coupling. The competition of the spin-dependent radially-periodic potential, spin–orbit coupling, and spin-exchange interaction gives rise to the exotic ground-state phases when the Bose–Einstein condensates in a spin-dependent radially-periodic potential.We consider two-dimensional spinor F = 1 Bose–Einstein condensates in two types of radially-periodic potentials with spin–orbit coupling, i.e. , spin-independent and spin-dependent radially-periodic potentials. For the Bose–Einstein condensates in a spin-independent radially-periodic potential, the density of each component exhibits the periodic density modulation along the azimuthal direction, which realizes the necklacelike state in the ferromagnetic Bose–Einstein condensates. As the spin-exchange interaction increases, the necklacelike state gradually transition to the plane wave phase for the antiferromagnetic Bose–Einstein condensates with larger spin–orbit coupling. The competition of the spin-dependent radially-periodic potential, spin–orbit coupling, and spin-exchange interaction gives rise to the exotic ground-state phases when the Bose–Einstein condensates in a spin-dependent radially-periodic potential.

Chinese Physics BJul 14, 20212 citations

Spin–orbit-coupled Bose–Einstein condensates

Y.-J. Lin, Karina Jiménez-García, Ian B. Spielman

arXiv:1103.3522NatureMar 1, 20112,101 citations

Textures of F=2 spinor Bose-Einstein condensates with spin-orbit coupling

Takuto Kawakami, Takeshi Mizushima, Kazushige Machida

We study the textures of $F=2$ spinor Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) with spin-orbit coupling (SOC) induced by a synthetic non-Abelian gauge field. On the basis of the analysis of the SOC energy and the numerical calculation of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation, we demonstrate that the textures originate from the helical modulation of the order parameter (OP) due to the SOC. In particular, the cyclic OP consists of two-dimensional lattice textures, such as the hexagonal lattice and the $\frac{1}{3}$ vortex lattice, commonly understandable as the two-dimensional network of the helical modulations.We study the textures of $F=2$ spinor Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) with spin-orbit coupling (SOC) induced by a synthetic non-Abelian gauge field. On the basis of the analysis of the SOC energy and the numerical calculation of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation, we demonstrate that the textures originate from the helical modulation of the order parameter (OP) due to the SOC. In particular, the cyclic OP consists of two-dimensional lattice textures, such as the hexagonal lattice and the $\frac{1}{3}$ vortex lattice, commonly understandable as the two-dimensional network of the helical modulations.

arXiv:1104.4179Physical Review AJul 25, 2011102 citations

Spin - orbital angular momentum coupled Bose-Einstein condensate

Chunlei Qu, Kuei Sun, Chuanwei Zhang

Bulletin of the American Physical SocietyMar 6, 20151 citation

We study the textures of

F=2

spinor Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) with spin-orbit coupling (SOC) induced by a synthetic non-Abelian gauge field. On the basis of the analysis of the SOC energy and the numerical calculation of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation, we demonstrate that the textures originate from the helical modulation of the order parameter (OP) due to the SOC. In particular, the cyclic OP consists of two-dimensional lattice textures, such as the hexagonal lattice and the

\frac{1}{3}

vortex lattice, commonly understandable as the two-dimensional network of the helical modulations.