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Stabilized dissipative single-photon switch for fiberized quantum networks

Salih Yanikgonul, Rui Guo, Angelos Xomalis, Anton N. Vetlugin, Giorgio Adamo, Cesare Soci, Nikolay I. Zheludev

Published Jun 25, 2018• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We report on the first demonstration of a fully fiberized quantum network by using a fiber-integrated metamaterial as a dissipative switching element. Utilizing the coherent absorption phenomenon in plasmonic metamaterials we achieve high-contrast control of the single-photon absorption probability. We also demonstrate switching application by deploying a feedback mechanism to actively control the phase fluctuations of the network.

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We report on the first demonstration of a fully fiberized quantum network by using a fiber-integrated metamaterial as a dissipative switching element. Utilizing the coherent absorption phenomenon in plasmonic metamaterials we achieve high-contrast control of the single-photon absorption probability. We also demonstrate switching application by deploying a feedback mechanism to actively control the phase fluctuations of the network.
Large distance implementation of quantum communication technologies requires coherent control of single photons in optical fiber networks. Here we demonstrate the phenomenon of coherent perfect absorption of single photons in a fully fiberized ultrathin plasmonic metamaterial fabricated at the end facet of an optical fiber. Continuous control of single-photon absorption probability is achieved by driving the network between the regimes of coherent total absorption and coherent total transmission. To circumvent phase fluctuations inherent to optical fiber networks, we implemented a reference-based postselection technique which yielded interference fringe visibility comparable to that of free space experiments. Coherent absorption of quantum light in fiber environment provides new opportunities for dissipative single-photon switching, filtering, and measurement, as well as for manipulation of entangled, weak coherent, and NOON states in optical fiber networks.
Recently, coherent control of the optical response of thin films in standing waves has attracted considerable attention, ranging from applications in excitation-selective spectroscopy and nonlinear optics to all-optical image processing. Here, we show that integration of metamaterial and optical fibre technologies allows the use of coherently controlled absorption in a fully fiberized and packaged switching metadevice. With this metadevice, which controls light with light in a nanoscale plasmonic metamaterial film on an optical fibre tip, we provide proof-of-principle demonstrations of logical functions XOR, NOT and AND that are performed within a coherent fibre network at wavelengths between 1530 and 1565 nm. The metadevice has been tested at up to 40 gigabits per second and sub-milliwatt power levels. Since coherent absorption can operate at the single-photon level and with 100 THz bandwidth, we argue that the demonstrated all-optical switch concept has potential applications in coherent and quantum information networks.
Coherent optical fiber networks are extremely sensitive to thermal, mechanical, and acoustic noise, which requires elaborate schemes of phase stabilization with dedicated auxiliary lasers, multiplexers, and photodetectors. This is particularly demanding in quantum networks operating at the single-photon level. Here, we propose a simple method of phase stabilization based on single-photon counting and apply it to quantum fiber networks implementing single-photon interference on a lossless beamsplitter and coherent perfect absorption on a metamaterial absorber. As a proof of principle, we show dissipative single-photon switching with visibility close to 80%. This method can be employed in quantum networks of greater complexity without classical stabilization rigs, potentially increasing efficiency of the quantum channels.
Summary form only given. We provide the first demonstration of a high-bandwidth, low-intensity fiberized all-optical gate exploiting coherent absorption in a plasmonic metamaterial film. The fully packaged fiberized version of the switch has been tested to the bandwidth of 1 GHz while free-space versions of the gate have been shown to provide 100 THz bandwidth and to operate at arbitrarily low intensities. Our work illustrates how major bandwidth and energy challenges of optical telecommunications and information processing networks can be tackled by merging metamaterials and optical fibre technologies.