This paper gives a novel perspective on physical layer security (PLS) and end-to-end (e2e) analysis under dual correlated Nakagami-m fading, and outdated channel state information, by employing 1) decode-and-forward opportunistic relays, and 2) an adaptive encoder with ON/OFF transmission. Assuming an infinite relay buffer size, two new sets of independent results for 1) non-integer fading parameter m, mathematically employing infinite summations, and 2) integer m, mathematically employing finite summations, are obtained. The adaptive encoder deployment improves transmission quality, and simultaneously enhances secrecy performance. The proposed e2e analysis coherently links secrecy, and e2e system performance for the first time under dual correlated Nakagami-m fading. Findings for wireless secrecy, and e2e system analysis with the non-integer fading parameter m offer an extra dimension to existing PLS literature, which has chronically been valid for only integer m. Convergence for infinite summations is achieved for a finite number of terms, realising the practicality of the proposed findings. Monte Carlo simulation successfully validates the new findings for non-integer m, and an asymptotic analysis under several specific scenarios is also presented.
Wireless Security Employing Opportunistic Relays and an Adaptive Encoder Under Outdated CSI and Dual-Correlated Nakagami- m Fading
This paper gives a novel perspective on physical layer security (PLS) and end-to-end (e2e) analysis under dual correlated Nakagami-m fading, and outdated channel state information, by employing 1) decode-and-forward opportunistic relays, and 2) an adaptive encoder with ON/OFF transmission. Assuming an infinite relay buffer size, two new sets of independent results for 1) non-integer fading parameter m, mathematically employing infinite summations, and 2) integer m, mathematically employing finite summations, are obtained. The adaptive encoder deployment improves transmission quality, and simultaneously enhances secrecy performance. The proposed e2e analysis coherently links secrecy, and e2e system performance for the first time under dual correlated Nakagami-m fading. Findings for wireless secrecy, and e2e system analysis with the non-integer fading parameter m offer an extra dimension to existing PLS literature, which has chronically been valid for only integer m. Convergence for infinite summations is achieved for a finite number of terms, realising the practicality of the proposed findings. Monte Carlo simulation successfully validates the new findings for non-integer m, and an asymptotic analysis under several specific scenarios is also presented.
Using a well-known wiretap model, for the first time in this paper, closed-form solutions are achieved for wireless secrecy under dual correlated Rician fading. A novel wireless secrecy and end-to-end (e2e) system analysis employing decode-and-forward (DF) opportunistic relays and an adaptive encoder with on/off transmission are reported. A signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) distribution of dual correlated Rician fading is first obtained as a function of four nested infinite summations, which (i) converges for a finite number of terms, and (ii) is employed to compute secrecy outage probability for a passive wiretapper. Using two-dimensional Laplace transform of the SNR distribution of dual correlated Rician fading, an e2e system analysis is then given by deriving compact expressions for e2e SNR distributions, and e2e ergodic capacity. Relationships between important parameters are elaborated and explained. An asymptotic analysis and proof for infinite summation convergence are also given. It is shown that there is a trade-off between transmission quality and security via line-of-sight power. Simulation results are shown to match theoretical prediction, which validates this work.
Secrecy Analyses for Real m Under Dual Correlated Nakagami- m Fading Employing an Adaptive Encoder and a New Broadcasting Protocol
Using a well-known wire-tap model, novel wireless secrecy analyses under dual correlated Nakagami-m fading with a real fading parameter m are reported. Infinite summations for incomplete gamma functions are employed to derive compact expressions for secrecy capacity and secrecy outage probability (SOP) under noninteger m. Independently, using finite summations, corresponding closed-form findings for integer m are also derived. In the current literature, finite summations for the incomplete gamma functions, whose first arguments and hence m must be an integer, are employed to obtain closed-form expressions for, first, the SOP (with an unknown passive wire-tapper's channel state information), and second, ergodic secrecy capacity (with partially known active wire-tapper's channel state information under slow fading). The new secrecy results for noninteger m generalize the proposed findings for integer m, and existing findings under dual correlated Rayleigh fading for m = 1. The new findings can thus be comprehensively employed for wireless secrecy computation under dual correlated Nakagami-m fading for realm. Infinite-summation convergence and cross verification are also obtained for a finite number of terms, which shows the practicality and consistency of the new findings. For the first time, secrecy analyses employing an adaptive encoder with ON/OFF transmission are performed under dual correlated Nakagami-m fading for real m to not only improve wireless secrecy, but also achieve the eventual successful transmission from a source to a destination. The new SOP results for real m can be employed as lower bounds and complete theoretical secrecy analyses, for SOP under dual correlated Nakagami-m fading with integer m. Simulation results are employed to show matching between the proposed findings and existing findings.
The physical layer security performances of low-complexity opportunistic transmission strategy based on multiple antenna are investigated for cooperative adaptive decode-and-forward relaying system in Nakagami-m fading channels. To fully utilize the antenna diversity gain to improve the system security performance, the transmitting nodes apply the transmit antenna selection strategy, and the receiving nodes apply the maximal ratio combining strategy. The closed-form expressions of secrecy outage probability are derived, the asymptotic analysis of secrecy performance is further provided, and the secrecy diversity order are also obtained. Simulation results verify the correctness of theoretical analysis and identify the effects of several system parameters on the secrecy performance of the opportunistic transmission strategy. It is shown that the system secrecy performance can be greatly improved by increasing the number of antennas at the legitimate nodes and increasing the Nakagami fading channel parameters of legitimate channels.
Through ordinary transmissions over wireless multicast networks are greatly hampered due to the simultaneous presence of fading and shadowing of wireless channels, secure transmissions can be enhanced by properly exploiting random attributes of the propagation medium. This study focuses on the utilization of those attributes to enhance the physical layer security (PLS) performance of a dual-hop wireless multicast network over kappa-mu shadow-fading channel under the wiretapping attempts of multiple eavesdroppers. In order to improve the secrecy level, the best relay selection strategy among multiple relays is employed. Performance analysis is carried out based on the mathematical modeling in terms of analytical expressions of non-zero secrecy capacity probability, secure outage probability, and ergodic secrecy capacity over multicast relay networks. Capitalizing on those expressions, the effects of system parameters, i.e., fading, shadowing, the number of antennas, destination receivers, eavesdroppers, and relays, on the secrecy performance are investigated. Numerical results show that the detrimental impacts caused by fading and shadowing can be remarkably mitigated using the well-known opportunistic relaying technique. Moreover, the proposed model unifies secrecy analysis of several classical models, thereby exhibiting enormous versatility than the existing works.
Using a well-known wiretap model, secrecy outage probability is computed under dual correlated Rician fading employing opportunistic relays. A signal-to-noise ratio distribution of dual correlated Rician fading is first obtained as a function of four nested infinite summations, which (i) converges for a finite number of terms, and (ii) is employed to compute secrecy outage probability for a passive wiretapper. Relationships among important parameters are elaborated and explained. Proof for infinite summation convergence is also given, which realises the practicality of this work. Simulation results are shown to match theoretical predictions.
Through ordinary transmissions over wireless multicast networks are greatly hampered due to the simultaneous presence of fading and shadowing of wireless channels, secure transmissions can be enhanced by properly exploiting random attributes of the propagation medium. This study focuses on the utilization of those attributes to enhance the physical layer security (PLS) performance of a dual-hop wireless multicast network over κ - μ shadow-fading channel under the wiretapping attempts of multiple eavesdroppers. In order to improve the secrecy level, the best relay selection strategy among multiple relays is employed. Performance analysis is carried out based on the mathematical modeling in terms of analytical expressions of non-zero secrecy capacity probability, secure outage probability, and ergodic secrecy capacity over multicast relay networks. Capitalizing on those expressions, the effects of system parameters, i.e., fading, shadowing, the number of antennas, destination receivers, eavesdroppers, and relays, on the secrecy performance are investigated. Numerical results show that the detrimental impacts caused by fading and shadowing can be remarkably mitigated using the well-known opportunistic relaying technique. Moreover, the proposed model unifies secrecy analysis of several classical models, thereby exhibiting enormous versatility than the existing works.