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IEEE Research and Applications of Photonics in Defense Conference (RAPID)

Plasmonic Structure Integrated Superconducting Nano Wire Single-Photon Detectors for Transfering Specific Quantum Information

Mária Csete, András Szenes, B. Toth, G. Szabo, Balázs Bánhelyi, Tibor Csendes

Published Aug 1, 2018• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors integrated with plasmonic structures and optimized to maximize the absorptance (A-SNSPD), the polarization contrast (P-SNSPD), and the product of them without (AP-SNSPD) and with (APC1/APC3) absorptance criterion proves that the most efficient read-out of encoded quantum information is possible via APC-SNSPDs.

DOI
10.1109/rapid.2018.8509008

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Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors integrated with plasmonic structures and optimized to maximize the absorptance (A-SNSPD), the polarization contrast (P-SNSPD), and the product of them without (AP-SNSPD) and with (APC1/APC3) absorptance criterion proves that the most efficient read-out of encoded quantum information is possible via APC-SNSPDs.
Single-photon detection is essential for quantum communication and computing. Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) offer high detection efficiency and fast response but require cryogenic temperatures, limiting their practical use. This study focuses on BSCCO-based SNSPDs integrated with plasmonic structures to enhance absorption and improve detection efficiency. By integrating wavelength-scaled periodic plasmonic patterns, high detection efficiency is achieved, making these detectors more suitable for real-world applications.
Optical nano-antennae have been integrated with semiconductor lasers to intensify light at the nanoscale and photodiodes to enhance photocurrent. In quantum optics, plasmonic metal structures have been used to enhance nonclassical light emission from single quantum dots. Absorption and detection of single photons from free space could also be enhanced by nanometallic antennae, but this has not previously been demonstrated. Here, we use nano-optical transmission effects in a one-dimensional gold structure, combined with optical cavity resonance, to form optical nano-antennae, which are further used to couple single photons from free space into a 80-nm-wide superconducting nanowire. This antenna-assisted coupling enables a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector with 47% device efficiency at the wavelength of 1550 nm and 9-μm-by-9-μm active area while maintaining a reset time of only 5 ns. We demonstrate nanoscale antenna-like structures to achieve exceptional efficiency and speed in single-photon detection.