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Science Trends

Semiconductor Technology May Pave Way For Integrating Quantum Communications Into Standard Optical Channels

Alexander Bolano

Published Oct 2, 2018• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Since the 1920s, scientists have theorized ways to exploit the properties of quantum systems for communication purposes. By utilizing the strange properties of quantum entities and phenomena, like superpositions and entanglement, quantum communication channels could create genuinely unbreakable encryption protocols and provide computing power vastly superior to traditional computing methods. Now, a team of researchers

DOI
10.31988/scitrends.37520

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Since the 1920s, scientists have theorized ways to exploit the properties of quantum systems for communication purposes. By utilizing the strange properties of quantum entities and phenomena, like superpositions and entanglement, quantum communication channels could create genuinely unbreakable encryption protocols and provide computing power vastly superior to traditional computing methods. Now, a team of researchers
The demands for secure communication systems have been growing rapidly as technologies in computer networks advance. However, classical cryptography employed in network systems is only secure when malicious users do not have enough computational power to break the security in a practical amount of time. Quantum cryptography provides theoretically unbreakable security since its security relies on quantum mechanical properties. This dissertation resolves the weakness of classical cryptography in computer networks by developing novel cryptographic schemes. First, a new encryption scheme, quantum commutative encryption (QCE), has been developed by utilizing quantum superposition states. The analysis of possible attacks to the developed encryption scheme, the advantages of the developed scheme, and the requirements to utilize the developed scheme in a communication system are presented. Also, an example of realization with current technologies is shown. Considering all the characteristics of the developed encryption scheme, a key distribution protocol, two authentication protocols, secret sharing scheme, and the possible practical application of the secret sharing scheme are designed by making use of the developed encryption scheme. This dissertation also discusses the security analysis for each developed scheme. All developed quantum cryptographic schemes are theoretically unbreakable and can be realized with current technologies. The main contributions of this dissertation are not only the proposal of novel schemes, but also a demonstration of how quantum mechanical properties can be utilized in computer engineering/science.
As the digital front becomes our new frontier, and digital data becomes increasingly vulnerable to highly sophisticated cyber attacks, conventional encryption approaches may no longer be sufficient to withstand a quantum attack. The focus of this work is to deploy a simulation of the BB84 protocol, one of the first Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocols developed by Charles Bennett and Gilles Brassard in 1984. The simulation involves two communicating parties, Alice and Bob, with Bob creating a secret keys generated cryptographically and sending it reliably over to Alice using quantum bits, or qubits. By leveraging quantum mechanics, this protocol ensures that any interception can be identified, thus bolstering both the integrity and confidentiality of the key exchange through scientists' understanding of superposition and the no-cloning principle. In the simulation, the potential of quantum communication to achieve secure key distribution over an insecure channel is demonstrated. Differently from traditional encryption protocols, QKD guarantees security not on computational but on physical basis. The aim of this paper is to show the feasibility and robustness of the BB84 protocol for actual cryptographic applications. This models the protocol between Alice and Bob, which paves the way for quantum-proof encryption systems and is a relevant step towards next generation cyber security.
The landscape of communication sits on the edge of a quantum leap. Harnessing the paradoxical rules of quantum mechanics, quantum networks promise the ability to shatter the boundaries of traditional systems, ushering in an age of extraordinary speed, security, and computational powers. This research dives into the unexplored domain of quantum networking, clarifying its transformational potential and charting a course toward its practical realization. Crucially, the research transcends ordinary simulations by offering conceptual blueprints for a revolutionary quantum-based network architecture. This innovative concept presents entanglement distribution and quantum key distribution as applications built upon the network itself, rather than demanding bespoke network infrastructures. To painstakingly investigate this proposed model, quantum circuits were meticulously simulated, and their results juxtaposed with established quantum algorithms, revealing vital insights into its performance and potential. This research establishes the framework for the quantum Internet, not as a distant goal but as an attainable future. By delving into the integration of the proposed model with existing network topologies, the path towards a unified quantum environment is paved. The consequences of this study reach far beyond theoretical advances; they beckon a future where unbreakable encryption preserves sensitive information, communication spans vast distances with amazing speed, and distributed quantum computers unleash previously inconceivable frontiers.