We show that a simplified force between the electron and the nucleus solves Quantum Mechanics in the simplest way possible. We update and rewrite Bohr's postulates, we show the simple relation between the electric and magnetic force, we show how light is emitted, and find a new term for the fine structure constant which is the simplest term there is. Simplified Orbital Mechanics results in a new atomic model which allow mathematically the observed electron cloud. All calculations can be found in this google spreadsheet: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1jE6hjJNPcY7h98DkkGVEJiO9x3LK-_ZK6553cd2b_M8/edit#gid=498321884
This paper develops a simplified pedagogical or toy model of (finite-dimensional non-relativistic) quantum mechanics (QM). The model uses vector spaces over
Z2={0,1}, where the
0,1-vectors can also be interpreted as sets, so the model is "quantum mechanics over sets" or QM/Sets. At the level of sets, the key notion is that of a partition or, equivalently, an equivalence relation. Partitions are the logical-level notions to model distinctions versus indistinctions, definiteness versus indefiniteness, or distinguishability versus indistinguishability. Those pairs of concepts are the key to understanding the non-classical 'weirdness' of QM. The key non-classical notion in QM is the notion of superposition, i.e., the notion of a state that is indefinite between two or more definite- or eigen-states. As Richard Feynman emphasized, all the weirdness of QM is illustrated in the double-slit experiment so the QM/Sets version is used to make the key points. The simplified model provides an explanation and intuitive picture to answer the key question: "How can the particle get to the detection wall without passing through one slit or the other?"