Quantum Computing and Quantum Cryptography

Cedric Adell

Seema Kute, Chitra G. Desai

Background/Objectives: The preferment from conventional computing to quantum computing has created new ­challenges in the field of cryptography. The cryptographic algorithms which ensured intractability in conventional computing surfaces serious challenge in quantum computing. Methods/Statistical Analysis: By applying the quantum mechanics quantum cryptography can be used to unrestrictedly for reliable data communications. Findings: The cryptography currently in use, known as conventional cryptography, depends absolutely on the hardness of the mathematical concepts. Elliptical curve cryptography today known as modern cryptography is used extensively for securing financial transactions. Advances in quantum computing, can easily break this security by reverse computing keys faster than the conventional ­computers. Application/Improvements: This paper is an attempt to review fundamentals of quantum cryptography to as to ­represent it in easiest possible way for a novice demonstrating quantum onetime pad. Keywords: Conventional Cryptography, Density Matrix, Quantum Cryptography, Quantum One Time Pad

Akinori Kawachi, Takeshi Koshiba

Abstract: Shor’s algorithms for the integer factorization and the discrete logarithm problems can be regarded as a negative effect of the quantum mechanism on publickey cryptography. From the computational point of view, his algorithms illustrate that quantum computation could be more powerful. It is natural to consider that the power of quantum computation could be exploited to withstand even quantum adversaries. Over the last decade, quantum cryptography has been discussed and developed even from the computational complexity-theoretic point of view. In this paper, we will survey what has been studied in quantum computational cryptography. Key Words: computational cryptography, quantum computing, quantum cryptography Category: E.3, F.1.1

Chuck Easttom

William Easttom

The paper aims to examine the mechanisms of quantum cryptography and review the relationship between quantum and classical encryption schemes.A brief introduction of quantum computation is provided, with a simplified explanation of Shor's Algorithm showcasing the potentials of quantum computation.Related literature such as books, journals, proceedings, lecture notes and webpages on quantum cryptography were reviewed and were sourced from prominent databases like IEEE Xplore, ScienceDirect, and JSTOR.This gave a clearer picture on the mechanisms of quantum cryptography and Shor's algorithm.The authors were able to succinctly describe quantum cryptography, show how encryption is achieved by exploiting the properties of quantum particles, and demonstrated with examples the intricacies with Shor's algorithm.It is expected that interested researchers will be more informed on current research in quantum cryptography and influence potential cryptography scholars to explore further the mechanisms of quantum cryptography, quantum computation, and other principles of the quantum theory.