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International Journal of Theoretical Physics

Vortex Dynamics of Rotating Dipolar Bose-Einstein Condensates in Synthetic Magnetic Field

Qiang Zhao, Zhi-Qi Qiu, Lili Zhang

Published Sep 6, 2018• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s10773-018-3879-z

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We study the formation of vortices in a dipolar Bose–Einstein condensate in a synthetic magnetic field by numerically solving the Gross–Pitaevskii equation. The formation process depends on the dipole strength, the rotating frequency, the potential geometry, and the orientation of the dipoles. We make an extensive comparison with vortices created by a rotating trap, especially focusing on the issues of the critical rotating frequency and the vortex number as a function of the rotating frequency. We observe that a higher rotating frequency is needed to generate a large number of vortices and the anisotropic interaction manifests itself as a perceptible difference in the vortex formation. Furthermore, a large dipole strength or aspect ratio also can increase the number of vortices effectively. In particular, we discuss the validity of the Feynman rule.
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We consider theoretically static and dynamic properties of vortex formation in trapped Bose-Einstein condensates in synthetic magnetic field and compare the results created by rotating frame method.As the first step, we discuss the ground state properties and show that the number of vortices and rotational frequency is a linear relation.We further deduce the analytical results and find it qualitatively agrees with numerical solutions.In addition, we explore the vortex dynamics, focusing on the difference between the two rotational methods.Numerical results indicate that synthetic magnetic field is more difficult to add a large angular momentum.However, this issue can be effectively improved by increasing the contact interaction.