Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Revista Virtual de Química

Quantum Information and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Parameters

Jéssica Boreli dos Reis Lino, Teodorico C. Ramalho

Published Jan 1, 2018• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Regarding the end of the 1900s, a small community of researchers in physics, computer science, mathematics and chemistry began to explore the fertile ground at the intersection of quantum mechanics with information theory, which led to a new and powerful paradigm of quantum computing.Quantum information processing promises to extend today's computing resources.Quantum computers, theoretically, could solve problems much more quickly than any classic computer.Intensive experimental efforts have been made to implement quantum computing since Shor and Grover developed their algorithms.In 1997, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) emerged as one of the most promising experimental techniques for the implementation of quantum computing protocols.The isolation of nuclear spins and consequent long relaxation times, combined with the perfect dynamics implemented by radiofrequency pulses, led to important studies in the area.Therefore, nuclear spins are picked out as good candidates for quantum bits.In this scenario, quantum chemistry covers a vast field of quantum information science and can lead to advances in scientific research.

DOI
10.21577/1984-6835.20180067

Related papers

Preface

Ivan S. Oliveira, Roberto M. Serra

Pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was discovered in 1950 by Erwin L. Hahn.In 62 years of use, the technique has definitely been established as one of the main tools of investigation in physics, chemistry, biology and medicine.Since 1950, NMR has yielded four Nobel Prizes: one in physics (F.Bloch and E. M. Purcell, in 1952), two in chemistry (R. R. Ernst, in 1991 and K. Wüthrich, in 2002) and one in medicine (P.C. Lauterbur and P. M. Mansfield, in 2003).Before the 'pulsed-era', Otto Stern and Isidor Rabi also won the Prize with NMR, in 1943 and 1944, respectively.From the year 1997, pulsed NMR met a novel and exciting area of investigation: quantum information processing (QIP).Nuclear spins are qubits, and radiofrequency pulses are unitary transformations.Add to this some nonunitary operations, such as averages, and voila: spin thermal states in samples at room temperature can behave like pure quantum states, allowing complete quantum algorithms and protocols to be implemented in small molecular quantum computers.For the past 15 years, over 500 papers have appeared in the literature of NMR-QIP and has led to a huge amount of original results, in essentially every single area of research within quantum information and quantum computation: quantum algorithm implementation, quantum communication protocols, simulation of quantum systems (optical systems, condensed matter, Bose-Einstein condensates, harmonic oscillators, etc.), quantum error correction codes, tests of Bell-like inequality violations, tools to characterize and quantify entanglement, studies of decoherence of quantum states in open systems and so on.New NMR tools have been developed, such as strong modulating pulse and gradient ascent pulse engineering techniques for radiofrequency pulse engineering, and sophisticated experiments have been published using these techniques.No other quantum information technique has contributed so much to the area.Such a stimulating activity has resulted in the proposal of the present issue, which gathers many of the experts in the field of NMR-QIP around the world.It has contributions from groups from 10 countries: Argentina, Brazil, Canada, China, UK, Germany, Japan, Russia, Singapore and USA.They describe the state-of-the-art of NMR-QIP, adding various novelties to it.During the organization, it has been a most rewarding experience to interact with these colleagues, and we thank them all for their participation in the project.We are sure that this issue will greatly increase cooperation among groups, and encourage students to enter this promising area, resulting in a healthy feedback to NMR-QIP development.

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences•Sep 3, 2012•2 citations

Spins as qubits

Dieter Suter, T. S. Mahesh

Storing information in quantum mechanical degrees of freedom and processing it by unitary transformation promises a new class of computers that can efficiently solve problems for which no efficient classical algorithms are known. The most straightforward implementation of this type of information processing uses nuclear spins to store the information and nuclear magnetic resonance for processing it. We discuss the basics of quantum information processing by NMR, with an emphasis on two fields of research: the design and implementation of robust logical gate operations and the loss of quantum information, which is known as decoherence.

•Feb 5, 2008•35 citations

Spins as qubits: Quantum information processing by nuclear magnetic resonance

Dieter Suter, T. S. Mahesh

Storing information in quantum mechanical degrees of freedom and processing it by unitary transformation promises a new class of computers that can efficiently solve problems for which no efficient classical algorithms are known. The most straightforward implementation of this type of information processing uses nuclear spins to store the information and nuclear magnetic resonance for processing it. We discuss the basics of quantum information processing by NMR, with an emphasis on two fields of research: the design and implementation of robust logical gate operations and the loss of quantum information, which is known as decoherence.

The Journal of Chemical Physics•Feb 5, 2008•77 citations

NMR Quantum Information Processing

Chandrasekhar Ramanathan, Nicolas Boulant, Zhiying Chen +3 more

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) has provided a valuable experimental testbed for quantum information processing (QIP). Here, we briefly review the use of nuclear spins as qubits, and discuss the current status of NMR-QIP. Advances in the techniques available for control are described along with the various implementations of quantum algorithms and quantum simulations that have been performed using NMR. The recent application of NMR control techniques to other quantum computing systems are reviewed before concluding with a description of the efforts currently underway to transition to solid state NMR systems that hold promise for scalable architectures.

arXiv:quant-ph/0408166•Aug 26, 2004•0 citations

Nuclear magnetic resonance for quantum computing: Techniques and recent achievements

Tao Xin, Bi-Xue Wang, Keren Li +5 more

Rapid developments in quantum information processing have been made, and remarkable achievements have been obtained in recent years, both in theory and experiments. Coherent control of nuclear spin dynamics is a powerful tool for the experimental implementation of quantum schemes in liquid and solid nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) system, especially in liquid-state NMR. Compared with other quantum information processing systems, the NMR platform has the advantages such as the long coherence time, the precise manipulation, and well-developed quantum control techniques, which make it possible to accurately control a quantum system with up to 12-qubits. Extensive applications of liquid-state NMR spectroscopy in quantum information processing such as quantum communication, quantum computing, and quantum simulation have been thoroughly studied over half a century. This article introduces the general principles of NMR quantum information processing, and reviews the new-developed techniques. The review will also include the recent achievements of the experimental realization of quantum algorithms for machine learning, quantum simulations for high energy physics, and topological order in NMR. We also discuss the limitation and prospect of liquid-state NMR spectroscopy and the solid-state NMR systems as quantum computing in the article.

Chinese Physics B•Feb 1, 2018•74 citations

[The NMR implementation of quantum algorithm].

Xuemei Luo

A quantum computer is a device that processes information in a quantum-mechanically coherent fashion. In principle, it can exploit coherent quantum interference and entanglement to perform computations, such as factoring large numbers or searching an unsorted database, more rapidly than classical computers. Noise, decoherence, and manufacturing problems make constructing large scale quantum computers difficult. Ion traps and optical cavities offer promising experimental approaches, but no quantum algorithm has yet been implemented with those systems. On the other hand, because of their natural isolation from the environment, nuclear spins are particularly good 'quantum bits', and their use for quantum computation is possible by applying nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques in an unconventional manner. Here, we report on the experimental implementation of a quantum algorithm using NMR to solve a purely mathematical problem in fewer steps than is possible classically. Our simple quantum computer can determine the type of an unknown function using fewer function 'calls' than is possible using a classical computer.

•Feb 1, 2003•0 citations
Regarding the end of the 1900s, a small community of researchers in physics, computer science, mathematics and chemistry began to explore the fertile ground at the intersection of quantum mechanics with information theory, which led to a new and powerful paradigm of quantum computing.Quantum information processing promises to extend today's computing resources.Quantum computers, theoretically, could solve problems much more quickly than any classic computer.Intensive experimental efforts have been made to implement quantum computing since Shor and Grover developed their algorithms.In 1997, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) emerged as one of the most promising experimental techniques for the implementation of quantum computing protocols.The isolation of nuclear spins and consequent long relaxation times, combined with the perfect dynamics implemented by radiofrequency pulses, led to important studies in the area.Therefore, nuclear spins are picked out as good candidates for quantum bits.In this scenario, quantum chemistry covers a vast field of quantum information science and can lead to advances in scientific research.
Pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was discovered in 1950 by Erwin L. Hahn.In 62 years of use, the technique has definitely been established as one of the main tools of investigation in physics, chemistry, biology and medicine.Since 1950, NMR has yielded four Nobel Prizes: one in physics (F.Bloch and E. M. Purcell, in 1952), two in chemistry (R. R. Ernst, in 1991 and K. Wüthrich, in 2002) and one in medicine (P.C. Lauterbur and P. M. Mansfield, in 2003).Before the 'pulsed-era', Otto Stern and Isidor Rabi also won the Prize with NMR, in 1943 and 1944, respectively.From the year 1997, pulsed NMR met a novel and exciting area of investigation: quantum information processing (QIP).Nuclear spins are qubits, and radiofrequency pulses are unitary transformations.Add to this some nonunitary operations, such as averages, and voila: spin thermal states in samples at room temperature can behave like pure quantum states, allowing complete quantum algorithms and protocols to be implemented in small molecular quantum computers.For the past 15 years, over 500 papers have appeared in the literature of NMR-QIP and has led to a huge amount of original results, in essentially every single area of research within quantum information and quantum computation: quantum algorithm implementation, quantum communication protocols, simulation of quantum systems (optical systems, condensed matter, Bose-Einstein condensates, harmonic oscillators, etc.), quantum error correction codes, tests of Bell-like inequality violations, tools to characterize and quantify entanglement, studies of decoherence of quantum states in open systems and so on.New NMR tools have been developed, such as strong modulating pulse and gradient ascent pulse engineering techniques for radiofrequency pulse engineering, and sophisticated experiments have been published using these techniques.No other quantum information technique has contributed so much to the area.Such a stimulating activity has resulted in the proposal of the present issue, which gathers many of the experts in the field of NMR-QIP around the world.It has contributions from groups from 10 countries: Argentina, Brazil, Canada, China, UK, Germany, Japan, Russia, Singapore and USA.They describe the state-of-the-art of NMR-QIP, adding various novelties to it.During the organization, it has been a most rewarding experience to interact with these colleagues, and we thank them all for their participation in the project.We are sure that this issue will greatly increase cooperation among groups, and encourage students to enter this promising area, resulting in a healthy feedback to NMR-QIP development.
Storing information in quantum mechanical degrees of freedom and processing it by unitary transformation promises a new class of computers that can efficiently solve problems for which no efficient classical algorithms are known. The most straightforward implementation of this type of information processing uses nuclear spins to store the information and nuclear magnetic resonance for processing it. We discuss the basics of quantum information processing by NMR, with an emphasis on two fields of research: the design and implementation of robust logical gate operations and the loss of quantum information, which is known as decoherence.
Storing information in quantum mechanical degrees of freedom and processing it by unitary transformation promises a new class of computers that can efficiently solve problems for which no efficient classical algorithms are known. The most straightforward implementation of this type of information processing uses nuclear spins to store the information and nuclear magnetic resonance for processing it. We discuss the basics of quantum information processing by NMR, with an emphasis on two fields of research: the design and implementation of robust logical gate operations and the loss of quantum information, which is known as decoherence.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) has provided a valuable experimental testbed for quantum information processing (QIP). Here, we briefly review the use of nuclear spins as qubits, and discuss the current status of NMR-QIP. Advances in the techniques available for control are described along with the various implementations of quantum algorithms and quantum simulations that have been performed using NMR. The recent application of NMR control techniques to other quantum computing systems are reviewed before concluding with a description of the efforts currently underway to transition to solid state NMR systems that hold promise for scalable architectures.
Rapid developments in quantum information processing have been made, and remarkable achievements have been obtained in recent years, both in theory and experiments. Coherent control of nuclear spin dynamics is a powerful tool for the experimental implementation of quantum schemes in liquid and solid nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) system, especially in liquid-state NMR. Compared with other quantum information processing systems, the NMR platform has the advantages such as the long coherence time, the precise manipulation, and well-developed quantum control techniques, which make it possible to accurately control a quantum system with up to 12-qubits. Extensive applications of liquid-state NMR spectroscopy in quantum information processing such as quantum communication, quantum computing, and quantum simulation have been thoroughly studied over half a century. This article introduces the general principles of NMR quantum information processing, and reviews the new-developed techniques. The review will also include the recent achievements of the experimental realization of quantum algorithms for machine learning, quantum simulations for high energy physics, and topological order in NMR. We also discuss the limitation and prospect of liquid-state NMR spectroscopy and the solid-state NMR systems as quantum computing in the article.
A quantum computer is a device that processes information in a quantum-mechanically coherent fashion. In principle, it can exploit coherent quantum interference and entanglement to perform computations, such as factoring large numbers or searching an unsorted database, more rapidly than classical computers. Noise, decoherence, and manufacturing problems make constructing large scale quantum computers difficult. Ion traps and optical cavities offer promising experimental approaches, but no quantum algorithm has yet been implemented with those systems. On the other hand, because of their natural isolation from the environment, nuclear spins are particularly good 'quantum bits', and their use for quantum computation is possible by applying nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques in an unconventional manner. Here, we report on the experimental implementation of a quantum algorithm using NMR to solve a purely mathematical problem in fewer steps than is possible classically. Our simple quantum computer can determine the type of an unknown function using fewer function 'calls' than is possible using a classical computer.