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Advances in parallel computing

Simulation on and HPC Simulation of Quantum Computers and Quantum Annealers

Kristel F. L. Michielsen, Neharika Chebrol, Fenging Jin, Hans A. De Raedt

Published Jan 1, 2019• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Results of benchmarking tests on gate-based quantum computers and quantum annealers are compared to results obtained with simulators of these new computing technologies. Simulating the behavior of (physical models) of quantum computing devices on supercomputers does not only shed light on the physical processes that are involved in the computation but is also useful for testing some applications.

DOI
10.3233/apc190008

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Results of benchmarking tests on gate-based quantum computers and quantum annealers are compared to results obtained with simulators of these new computing technologies. Simulating the behavior of (physical models) of quantum computing devices on supercomputers does not only shed light on the physical processes that are involved in the computation but is also useful for testing some applications.
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Quantum computing is based on the exploitation of quantum effects to perform some important computations more efficiently than ever possible on classical computers. Well known quantum algorithms are Shors polynomial time factoring algorithm and Grovers data base search scheme. Their potential is due to the parallelism of a quantum computation increasing exponentially with the size of the computing device. IBM has succeeded in building a first working quantum computing device with up to 7 qubits based on NMR technology, however, the construction of large multi-qubit systems appears to become extremely difficult due to the loss of coherence of the quantum states. Like the design process of modern microprocessors which is carried out by means of sophisticated software, modelling and simulation of the entire QC device is even more relevant. Simulation is required in order to understand the functioning of quantum algorithms, to construct novel quantum algorithms, to write quantum programs, to teach quantum computing, to construct real quantum computers, to understand and fight de-coherence and to understand and control the influence of the environment. Since quantum parallelism increases exponentially with the size of the quantum computer, parallel supercomputers are required for realistic simulations. I intend to give an introduction into the simulation of quantum computers using conventional computers. The simulation is based on a generic physical model of quantum computer hardware. Issues like parallel gate level simulators, modelling of QCs, simulators for physical quantum computers are addressed.
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Quantum computing promises unprecedented possibilities for important computing tasks such as quantum simulations in chemistry and materials science or optimization and machine learning. With this potential, quantum computing is increasingly attracting interest from industry and scientific communities that use high performance computing (HPC) for their applications.Practical application requires the integration of quantum computers into existing HPC infrastructures in the form of quantum-classical hybrid computing models.The Jülich UNified Infrastructure for Quantum computing (JUNIQ), a manufacturer-independent quantum computing user facility established at the Jülich Supercomputing Centre (JSC) aims to address these needs.As an example, we present benchmarking results for the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) emulated on a supercomputer and for the D-Wave quantum annealers for the tail assignment problem, a planning problem from aircraft industry.