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Optics Letters

Ultra-slow light in one-dimensional Cantor photonic crystals

Y. C. Lin, C. H. Tsou, Wen–Jeng Hsueh

Published Aug 17, 2018• 10 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Ultra-slow light and complete transmission properties in one-dimensional Cantor photonic crystals are presented. In contrast to traditional dielectric photonic crystals, the proposed structure has large group delay, slower group velocity, and a high quality factor within the same layers and materials. This study shows that larger than 1 μs group delay and slower than 1 m/s group velocity are achieved in the fifth-order Cantor photonic crystal with 52.75 μm length. This ultra-slow-light structure is very promising for application in advanced slow-light devices. A high quality factor of 109 and multiband filters with complete transmission can also be obtained by using this approach.

DOI
10.1364/ol.43.004120

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Ultra-slow light and complete transmission properties in one-dimensional Cantor photonic crystals are presented. In contrast to traditional dielectric photonic crystals, the proposed structure has large group delay, slower group velocity, and a high quality factor within the same layers and materials. This study shows that larger than 1 μs group delay and slower than 1 m/s group velocity are achieved in the fifth-order Cantor photonic crystal with 52.75 μm length. This ultra-slow-light structure is very promising for application in advanced slow-light devices. A high quality factor of 109 and multiband filters with complete transmission can also be obtained by using this approach.
Studied in the present paper are the transmission properties, the group velocity, the total phase, the phase time and the slowing-down factor of one-dimensional periodic photonic bandgap structures. The effects of the periodicity and non-periodicity of photonic structures and of the number of layers on the slowing down of light in these structures are also discussed. The group velocity of non-periodic (Fibonacci, Thue–Morse and Cantor) and hybrid (periodic/non-periodic) photonic bandgap structures are studied and compared to those of periodic structures. We show that the slowing-down factors at the edge of the bandgaps are higher for the hybrid (periodic/non-periodic) multilayer systems. The proposed structures have been modelled using the transfer matrix method.
Slow light with a markedly low group velocity is a promising solution for optical buering and advanced time-domain optical signal processing.It is also anticipated to enhance linear and nonlinear eects and so miniaturize functional photonic devices because slow light compresses optical energy in space.Photonic crystal waveguide devices generate on-chip slow light at room temperature with a wide bandwidth and low dispersion suitable for short pulse transmission.This paper rst explains the delay-bandwidth product, fractional delay, and tunability as crucial criteria for buering capacity of slow light devices.Then the paper describes experimental observations of slow light pulse, exhibiting their record high values.It also demonstrates the nonlinear enhancement based on slow light pulse transmission.
Slow light with a markedly low group velocity is a promising solution for optical buffering and advanced time-domain optical signal processing. It is also anticipated to enhance linear and nonlinear effects and so miniaturize functional photonic devices because slow light compresses optical energy in space. Photonic crystal waveguide devices generate on-chip slow light at room temperature with a wide bandwidth and low dispersion suitable for short pulse transmission. This paper first explains the delay-bandwidth product, fractional delay, and tunability as crucial criteria for buffering capacity of slow light devices. Then the paper describes experimental observations of slow light pulse, exhibiting their record high values. It also demonstrates the nonlinear enhancement based on slow light pulse transmission.
Group velocity and dispersion property of slow light in one-dimensional photonic crystal with different defect layer thicknesses are studied. It is found that the increase of defect layer thickness will induce the decrease of group velocity, which is an advantage to the design of optical buffer. However, the dispersion slope is increased, inducing a limited factor to keep the shape of ultra-short pulses. Then the effect of slight violation of defect layer thicknesses, refractive index and incident angle on the slow light is studied. The result shows that these influences are smaller at the first gap which is useful for the practical uses.
In this study, an efficient and compact optical device for slowing light in corrugated photonic crystals with different corrugation patterns are discussed. The proposed structure shows relatively large group delay with wide bandwidth and approximately zero group velocity dispersion in near-infrared region. Also, due to the zero group velocity dispersion applied on transmitted pulse, high quality pulse can be obtained by using this approach. For comparison, three different photonic crystal structures containing triangular, sinusoidal and graded sinusoidal corrugation patterns were investigated. The group index as much as 5 with the bandwidth about 50 nm is achieved in the sinusoidal corrugated photonic crystal with 8 μm length. This slow-light structure is very promising for application in quantum memories.
Slow light with a markedly low group velocity is a promising solution for optical buffering and advanced time-domain optical signal processing. It is also anticipated to enhance linear and nonlinear effects and so miniaturize functional photonic devices because slow light compresses optical energy in space. Photonic crystal waveguide devices generate on-chip slow light at room temperature with a wide bandwidth and low dispersion suitable for short pulse transmission. This paper first explains the delay-bandwidth product, fractional delay, and tunability as crucial criteria for buffering capacity of slow light devices. Then the paper describes experimental observations of slow light pulse, exhibiting their record high values. It also demonstrates the nonlinear enhancement based on slow light pulse transmission.