Abstract : The International Workshop on Coherent Control of Charge Carrier Dynamics in Semiconductors was held May 18-22,1998 at the University of Illinois at Chicago. An international and multi-disciplinary group of scientists presented recent results on coherent control phenomena in atoms, molecules, and semiconductors. Pertinent open physical questions, as well as potential technological applications and the future of the field were discussed. Referred proceedings were published under the title Coherent Control in Atoms, Molecules, and Semiconductors, by Kluwer in spring of 1999 (ISPN 0-7923-5649-7)
Abstract : The International Workshop on Coherent Control of Charge Carrier Dynamics in Semiconductors was held May 18-22,1998 at the University of Illinois at Chicago. An international and multi-disciplinary group of scientists presented recent results on coherent control phenomena in atoms, molecules, and semiconductors. Pertinent open physical questions, as well as potential technological applications and the future of the field were discussed. Referred proceedings were published under the title Coherent Control in Atoms, Molecules, and Semiconductors, by Kluwer in spring of 1999 (ISPN 0-7923-5649-7)
Preface. Part I: Atomic and Molecular systems. Scenarios in Coherent Control P. Brumer, M. Shapiro. Quantum Control in Atomic Systems D. Charalambidis, et al. Laser-phase-sensitive Coherent Control of Photoion Product States in 2-Photon vs. 2-Photon Ionization of Atomic Barium, F. Wang, et al. Coherent Phase control of Photoionization and Photodissociation R.J. Gordon, et al. Coherent Control of Atomic Photoionization and Autoionization P. Lambropoulos, T. Nakajima. Lasing Without Inversion via Interference of Double-Dark Resonances in Atomic and Quantum Well Systems M.O. Scully, et al. Part II: Coherent Control in Semiconductors. Coherence Control of Free Carriers in Bulk Semiconductors H.M. van Driel, et al. Coherent Control of 2D Excitons Probed by Time-Resolved Secondary Emission X. Marie, et al. Many-Body Effects in the Ultrafast Population Transfer in p-Doped Semiconductor Quantum Wells R. Binder, M. Lindberg. Coherent Control of Heavy-Light Hole and Phonon Quantum Beats T. Kuhn, et al. Coherent Control Schemes in Semiconductor Double Wells X. Hu, W. Poetz. Terahertz-Control of Charge-Carrier Wavepackets in Semiconductor Quantum Wells S. Hughes, D.S. Citrin. Microcavity Exciton-Polariton H. Cao. Part III: Coherent Phenomena and Related Topics. Coherent Control of Quantum Localization M. Holthaus. Tunneling of Low-Energetic Electrons in the Presence of Intense Laser Fields: The Formation of Dynamical Barrier States M. Wagner. Hopping Mechanism of Coherent Photovoltaic Effect and Photoinduced Polar Anisotropy in Glass E.M. Baskin, M.V. Entin. Heterodyning Scheme Employing Quantum Interference J.B. Khurgin, et al. Generation of Widely Tunable THz-Wave Using Nonlinear Optics K. Kawase, H.Ito. List of Participants.
Schemes for coherent control of carrier dynamics in semiconductors are investigated theoretically. We consider coherent control of carrier generation and charge oscillations by quantum interference of one- and three-photon absorption, as well as one- and two-photon absorption. It is shown that, for coherent light pulses shorter than characteristic phase breaking times, the relative phase between the two excitation routes can be used to control the extent of charge oscillations in semiconductor double wells. Furthermore, we show that optical gain and absorption can be controlled coherently by two coherent light fields. In particular, optical gain can be shifted from one intersubband transition to another.
This special issue of physica status solidi (b) on single electron control contains a series of articles dealing with the manipulation and detection of single electrons. Based on the tremendous experimental and theoretical progress achieved within this field during the last years, the generation of single electrons on demand in coherent conductors and the full control over the quantum states of single electrons is now within reach. The knowledge of such techniques is an absolute prerequisite for the implementation of schemes for the controlled transfer of quantum information in electronic setups. The transfer of quantum information was up to now mostly applied in quantum-optical setups. Such quantum technologies are expected to open up a whole new field for basic science but also for future applications in quantum communication and quantum sensing. The idea to put in place this special issue arose during a focus session on “single-particle sources for electronic devices”, which we organized at the DPG spring meeting of the condensed matter section in Regensburg on March 7, 2016. During the focus session, it became evident that the advancement of this research field had been quite dramatic during the last years and that it would be helpful for the scientific community to document this progress in a special issue. The focus session in Regensburg included 6 invited and 8 contributed talks. Most of the research groups, which were active in that focus session at the DPG spring meeting, and several other groups have now contributed with manuscripts to this special issue. The leading role of European groups in the field of single-electron control is evident from the fact that most of the contributions are of European origin. Within Europe, in these days, a number of different activities are started to advance quantum technologies, to mention only as a prominent example, the announcement and planning of the 3rd EU Flagship Program on Quantum Technologies. The purpose of this issue is, among others, to bring the field of single-electron control to the attention of the scientific community interested in quantum technologies. This issue includes 10 feature articles, allowing the readers to get a broad overview, but also 11 original research papers, thereby presenting the most recent advancements of the field. The subjects that are covered range from the physics of single-electron wave packets, thermodynamics with single electrons, studies of entanglement and electron quantum optics, up to the realization of feedback control and investigations of single-electron charge transfer. Contributions from experimental groups and from theory groups are almost balanced, representing a complete picture of the field. We hope that all readers will find this issue interesting and stimulating. We dedicate this special issue to Prof. Dr. Tobias Brandes, who unexpectedly passed away on 2 February 2017 at the age of 50. With him we lost an excellent scientist with great international recognition who impressed by his extraordinary kindness and his modest, open and friendly way in meeting people. Throughout his whole scientific carreer, Tobias has worked to bridge the gap between coherent solid-state devices, as e.g. in the quantum Hall effect or in quantum dots, and quantum optics. A focus of his research were quantum mechanical aspects of dynamical effects in solid-state devices. After having studied physics at the University of GÖttingen, Tobias worked at a number of different places, in Germany, Japan and the UK, before he moved to the Technical University of Berlin as a full professor in 2016. Within this special issue one of his last manuscripts is published which deals with feedback control applied to single-electron devices. Feedback control, as he had in mind in some of his recent publications, is therefore also visualized in the picture of the title page of this issue. With the sudden death of Tobias, the whole scientific community lost a great scientist and we all lost a good friend. Janine Splettstoesser Rolf J. Haug Guest Editors
This chapter discusses some experiments on coherent control of carrier densities, angular momenta, electron spin and exciton polarisations. The use of direct gap semiconductors as the active medium in all-optical switching devices is favoured by their large optical nonlinearities. The presence of spin polarised electrons in the sample can also be seen in the longer timescale dynamics after coherent carrier control. Selection of angular momentum is achieved by using shorter optical pulses which have a broad enough spectral content to excite both the heavy and light hole exciton states. Selected coherent pulse shaping techniques are introduced and used to demonstrate novel phenomena produced by coherent control in semiconductor heterostructures. New features in the interaction of light with semiconductor heterostructures are resolved, highlighting nonlinear mechanisms that can be of future use, as well as significantly modifying the picture of how light interacts with such samples.
Abstract Rather different problems can be lumped together under the general term 'laser control of atoms and molecules'. They include the laser selection of atomic and molecular velocities for the purpose of Doppler-free spectroscopy, laser control of the position and velocity of atoms (i.e. laser trapping and cooling of atoms), and laser control of atomic and molecular processes (ionization, dissociation) with a view of detecting single atoms and molecules and particularly separating isotopes and nuclear isomers. Over the last decades the principal problems posed have been successfully solved, and many of them have evolved remarkably in the subsequent investigations of the international research community. For example, the solution of the problem of laser cooling and trapping of atoms has given birth to the new field of the physics of ultracold matter, i.e. quantum atomic and molecular gases. The laser non-coherent control of uni-molecular processes has found an interesting extension in the field of laser coherent control of molecules. The concept of laser control of position has been successfully demonstrated with microparticles (optical tweezers), concurrently with investigations into atomic control. The laser photo-ionization of molecules on surfaces has led to the development of novel techniques of laser-assisted mass spectrometry of macromolecules, and so on. The aim of this book is to review these topics from a unified or 'coherent' point of view. It will be useful for many readers in various fields of laser science and its applications.
This grant supported a workshop, held at Caltech in August 2004, that brought together experts in quantum mechanics, control theory, and dynamical systems for an exchange of ideas on the analysis, control, and design of quantum systems. One of the major goals of the workshop was to establish substantive technical interactions between physicists working on quantum 'applications' and control and dynamical systems researchers who have insights and tools but lack a concrete sense of what problems are of primary interest. The workshop highlighted anticipated applications of quantum control in quantum information science, control of molecular reactions, and design of electronic and photonic nanostructures. The workshop results are available on the web and documented in a paper that has been submitted to the International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control.