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Science China Physics Mechanics and Astronomy

Phonon counting boosts hybrid quantum networks based on optomechanics

Zhen Shen, Chun‐Hua Dong

Published Jul 10, 2018• 3 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s11433-018-9242-y

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•Sep 4, 2019•0 citations
Quantum transducers are essential for connecting hybrid quantum systems with distinct frequencies, pivotal for hybrid quantum networks. A deterministic quantum transducer protocol is proposed for the upconversion of single phonons in the microwave domain to optical photons. Utilizing a hybrid optomechanical crystal coupled to a three-level emitter, the protocol deterministically upconverts an itinerant phonon into an optical photon, when an auxiliary optical cavity mode is driven by a single photon. Furthermore, the deterministic upconversion transducer can also be achieved by driving the emitter with a classical laser pulse, rather than driving the optical cavity with a single photon. The intracavity photon numbers in both protocols are significantly less than one during the operation, thus overcoming the problem of parasitic heating within radiation-pressure coupling of hybrid optomechanical systems. These outstanding features make the protocols particularly useful for the realization of large-scale distributed hybrid quantum networks.
We propose two schemes to achieve remote entanglement distribution between two mechanical nodes with a significant frequency mismatch, based on optomechanical systems. The first scheme utilizes the physical mechanism to redistribute the quantum entanglement initially established in a dispersively-coupled optomechanical system with a megahertz mechanical resonance to a distant optomechanical system which embodies the tripleresonant interaction induced by the scattering of gigahertz mechanical phonon. We also provide a fast optical pulse protocol to realize the long-distance entanglement distribution from the optomechanical system supporting the gigahertz mechanical mode to the megahertz mechanical mode included in a distant optomechanical system. Specifically, these two schemes respectively demonstrate the megahertz-to-gigahertz and gigahertz-tomegahertz entanglement distribution in the quantum network of optical photons and phonons. This work may facilitate the application of various mechanical systems in hybrid quantum network-based quantum technologies and fundamental physical research.
Spontaneous wavefunction collapse theories provide the possibility to resolve the measurement problem of quantum mechanics. However, the best experimental tests to date have been limited by thermal fluctuations and have operated at frequencies far below those conjectured to allow the physical origins of collapse to be identified. Here we propose a new approach which can surpass these limitations. Our approach uses a nanoscale optomechanical system cooled to near its motional ground state. The scheme combines phonon counting with efficient mitigation of technical noise, including non-linear photon conversion and photon coincidence counting. It is capable of resolving the exquisitely small phonon fluxes required for a conclusive test of collapse models as well as potentially identifying their physical origin.