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STEAM-H: Science, Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Mathematics & Health

Efficient Energy Transfer in Network Model of Photosynthesis

Yuta Mitome, Satoshi Iriyama, Keiko Sato, Igor V. Volivich

Published Jan 1, 2018• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/978-3-319-74971-6_7

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The energy-transfer efficiency of the natural photosynthesis system seems to be perfectly optimized during the evolution for millions of years. However, how to enhance the efficiency in the artificial light-harvesting systems is still unclear. In this paper, we investigate the energy-transfer process in the photosystem I (PSI). When there is no effective coupling between the outer antenna (OA) and the reaction center (RC), the two light-harvesting networks are disconnected and thus the energy transfer is inefficient. In order to repair these disconnected networks, we introduce a bridge with three sites between them. We find that by modulating the level structure of the 3-site bridge to be resonant, the energy transfer via the dark state will be enhanced and even outperform the original PSI. Our discoveries may shed light on the designing mechanism of artificial light-harvesting systems.
Biological processes reveal abilities which are very impressive and cannot be adequately explained with the only use of traditional (classical) approaches. A certain amount of quantum mechanics is thought to be used by nature in order to enhance the efficiency of the underlying processes. The question which arises then is: How can quantum features survive in an open quantum system subject to a permanent environmental noise? In this paper we shall present a mathematical model for the illustration of the excitation energy transfer in photosynthesis complexes, with the aim to study the "constructive" interplay between the coherent quantum excitation transfer and the vibrational classical motion of the underlying molecular structure. The model is based on the Schrödinger equation associated to a time-dependent Hamiltonian, describing the propagation of an absorbed photon through a spin-chain towards the reaction center of the photosynthesis apparatus (Spin-Boson model).
Many living organisms can exploit quantum mechanical effects to gain distinct biological advantages. In plants, photosynthesis uses quantum coherence to achieve near 100% efficiency in energy transfer. With advances in experimental techniques, two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy can reveal dynamic processes such as coherence and coupling within a system, and it plays an important role in studying energy transfer in photosynthesis. On the theory side, methods such as the generalized Bloch-Redfield theory and the hierarchical equations of motion are used to model photosynthetic systems. Quantum simulation, as a high-efficiency and low-complexity approach, has also made progress across various platforms in the study of photosynthesis. In recent years, a series of studies has introduced quantum coherence into artificial systems to enhance energy transfer efficiency, laying the groundwork for the design of coherent devices with efficient energy transport. Birds can use the weak geomagnetic field and spin-dependent chemical reactions to detect direction. Theoretical frameworks for animal navigation include magnetite-based mechanisms, magnetoreceptor genes, and the radical-pair mechanism. Quantum simulations of navigation have also advanced on multiple platforms. Inspired by animal navigation, diverse quantum effects have been applied to improve sensing and to support navigation tasks. This paper presents a comprehensive review of progress on quantum coherence in photosynthesis and avian navigation, along with related theoretical methods, quantum simulation approaches, and research on quantum coherent devices.