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Quantum Information Processing

Enhancing the absorption and energy transfer process via quantum entanglement

Xiao-Lan Zong, Wei Song, Jian Zhou, Ming Yang, Long-Bao Yu, Zhuo‐Liang Cao

Published May 17, 2018• 3 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s11128-018-1926-6

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Collective effects, such as superradiance and subradiance are central to emerging quantum technologies -- from sensing to energy storage -- and play an important role in light-harvesting. These effects enhance or suppress rates of dynamic processes (absorption, emission, and transfer) due to the formation of symmetric or antisymmetric collective states. However, collective effects in different contexts -- absorption, emission, and transfer -- have often been defined disparately, especially across different communities, leading to results that are not immediately transferable between different contexts. Here, we describe all three types of collective effects using a common Dicke framework that resolves the apparent discrepancies between different approaches. It allows us to generalise previously known collective effects involving spins into new ones involving aggregates of harmonic oscillators or other degrees of freedom. It also explains how collective effects can be engineered to be robust against both disorder and noise, paving the way for more resilient quantum devices.
Quantum entanglement, a hallmark of quantum mechanics, offers unprecedented opportunities to revolutionize spectroscopic techniques. This paper explores the theoretical underpinnings and experimental prospects of quantum entanglement-enhanced spectroscopy for the precise probing of coherent dynamics in complex chemical systems. Traditional spectroscopic methods often face limitations in resolution, sensitivity, and the ability to distinguish subtle quantum phenomena due to their reliance on classical light sources. By harnessing entangled photons, it is possible to overcome these limitations, enabling sub-shot-noise measurements, enhanced spectral resolution beyond the diffraction limit, and access to non-classical correlations within molecular systems. We delve into how entangled light can be generated and engineered to interact with molecular ensembles, facilitating the study of processes such as exciton transport, charge transfer, and vibrational energy redistribution with extraordinary fidelity. The methodology section outlines conceptual experimental setups, including entangled two-photon absorption spectroscopy and quantum Ramsey interferometry, discussing the benefits of these approaches over their classical counterparts. We present hypothetical results demonstrating how entanglement can resolve overlapping spectral features, extend coherence lifetimes, and provide unique insights into the quantum pathways governing chemical reactions. The discussion addresses the challenges associated with maintaining entanglement in noisy chemical environments and outlines strategies for mitigating decoherence. Ultimately, entanglement-enhanced spectroscopy represents a transformative paradigm for chemical physics, promising a deeper understanding of fundamental quantum processes that dictate reactivity and function in biological and material sciences.