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Laser Physics Letters

Three-dimensional atom localization via spontaneous emission from two different decay channels

Jinyu Chen, Fei Song, Zhiping Wang, Benli Yu

Published May 4, 2018• 7 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract We investigate the three-dimensional (3D) atom localization in an atomic system coupled by three coherent fields via spontaneous emission from two different decay channels. It is found that the spatial distribution and the precision of 3D atom localization are very different in two different decay channels. Interestingly, by properly varying the phase shifts of the standing-wave fields, the almost 100% probability of finding an atom in 3D space can be reached in two different decay channels. As a result, we can achieve efficient and high-precision 3D atom localization.

DOI
10.1088/1612-202x/aab9cd

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We investigate high-precision three-dimensional (3D) atom localization in a coherently-driven, fourlevel atomic system via spontaneous emission. Space-dependent atom-field interactions allow atomic position information to be obtained by measuring spontaneous emission. By properly varying system parameters, atoms within a certain range can be localized with nearly a probability of 100% and a maximal resolution of ~ 0.04λ. This scheme may be useful for the high-precision measurement of the center-of-mass wave functions of moving atoms and in atom nanolithography.
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A scheme is proposed for two-dimensional atom localization in the subwavelength domain via controlled spontaneous emission. We consider a five-level M-type atomic system interacting with two orthogonal standing-wave laser fields and the vacuum of the radiation field. The interaction of the atom with space-dependent standing-wave fields can provide information about the position of the atom passing through, thus leading to atom localization. It is found that the localization is significantly improved due to the interference effect between the spontaneous decay channels and the dynamically induced quantum interference generated by the two standing-wave fields. By properly varying the system parameters, we can achieve high-precision and high-resolution atom localization.
We propose a efficient scheme for high-precision three-dimensional (3D) atom localization via spatial interference in a generic double two-level atomic system driven by a weak probe field and three mutually perpendicular standing-wave fields. Because the spatial interference originates from the position-dependent atom-field interaction, the position information of the atom can be obtained by the measurement of the atom population. We find that the precision of 3D atom localization in volumes depends sensitively on the frequency detuning and the phase shifts associated with the standing-wave fields. Interestingly enough, we show that adjusting the frequency detuning and phase shifts can lead to a redistribution of the atoms and a significant change in the visibility of the interference pattern. As a result, the atom can be localized in volumes that are substantially smaller than a cubic optical wavelength.
Abstract The actual location of an atom in three-dimensional (3D) space is described by spatial-dependent atom-field interaction, which has potential applications in many fields, including optical imaging techniques, 3D nanolithograghy, Bose–Einstein condensation, and dual-measurement of center-of-mass wave function. Here, we propose a scheme to realize single atom localization in 3D space based on double-channel interactions. By exploiting the property of the spontaneously emitted photon, high-precision 3D atom localization, such as sphere-like pattern, ellipsoid-like pattern, funnel-like pattern, and ring-like structure can be achieved. These localization phenomena are the consequence of the quantum interference among multiple decay pathways. Furthermore, we show that with the system parameters specifically tuned, a high degree of localization of atom is enabled in a sub-wavelength range. Different from other 3D schemes, our proposed system is more robust under the influence of double-channel interactions. Our findings could be instructive for understanding the localization mechanisms in such a system with competitive decay channels.