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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Limits on manipulating conditional photon statistics of lasers via interference and post-selections

Kang-Hee Hong, Jisung Jung, Young‐Wook Cho, Sang-Wook Han, Sung Moon, Kyunghwan Oh, Yong‐Su Kim, Yoon-Ho Kim

Published Jan 1, 2018• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Recently it has been reported that photon anti-bunching can be obtained via second-order interference of mutually incoherent weak lasers under a proper post-selection scheme [Phys. Rev. A 92, 033855 (2015); Opt. Express 24, 19574 (2016)]. Here, we report theoretical analysis on the limits of manipulating conditional photon statistics of lasers via interference and post-selections.

DOI
10.1364/cleo_at.2018.jth2a.1

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Recently it has been reported that photon anti-bunching can be obtained via second-order interference of mutually incoherent weak lasers under a proper post-selection scheme [Phys. Rev. A 92, 033855 (2015); Opt. Express 24, 19574 (2016)]. Here, we report theoretical analysis on the limits of manipulating conditional photon statistics of lasers via interference and post-selections.
Photon anti-bunching, measured via the Hanbury-Brown-Twiss experiment, is one of the key signatures of quantum light and is tied to sub-Poissonian photon number statistics. Recently, it has been reported that photon anti-bunching or conditional sub-Poissonian photon number statistics can be obtained via second-order interference of mutually incoherent weak lasers and heralding based on photon counting [Phys. Rev. A92, 033855 (2015)10.1103/PhysRevA.92.033855; Opt. Express24, 19574 (2016)10.1364/OE.24.019574; https://arxiv.org/abs/1601.08161]. Here, we report theoretical analysis on the limits of manipulating conditional photon statistics via interference of weak lasers. It is shown that conditional photon number statistics can become super-Poissonian in such a scheme. We, however, demonstrate explicitly that it cannot become sub-Poissonian, i.e., photon anti-bunching cannot be obtained in such a scheme. We point out that incorrect results can be obtained if one does not properly account for seemingly negligible higher-order photon number expansions of the coherent state.
Similar to interferences in classical optics that can combine two waves to produce no output or more output than input, multiphoton interferences can produce, for instance, anti-bunched light by admixing squeezed (bunched) and laser (uncorrelated) light. The general case of quantum-field interferences, that can be self- or externally realized in coherently driven quantum sources, leads to a classification of conventional and unconventional photon statistics, as discussed by Elena del Valle and co-workers in article number 1900279.
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Abstract The photon statistics emitted by a large variety of light‐matter systems under weak coherent driving can be understood, to lowest order in the driving, in the framework of an admixture of (or interference between) a squeezed state and a coherent state, with the resulting state accounting for all bunching and antibunching features. One can further identify two mechanisms that produce resonances for the photon correlations: i) conventional photon blockade describes cases that involve a particular quantum level or set of levels in the excitation/emission processes with interferences occurring to all orders in the photon numbers, while ii) unconventional photon blockade describes cases where the driving laser is far from resonance with any level and the interference occurs for a particular number of photons only, yielding stronger correlations but only for a definite number of photons. Such an understanding and classification allows for a comprehensive and transparent description of the photon statistics from a wide range of disparate systems, where optimum conditions for various types of photon correlations can be found and realized.