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International journal of advance research, ideas and innovations in technology

Physical Layer Mechanism based Secure Key Exchange for 5G Networks

Bolla Sai Venu Kiran, T. Ramya

Published Apr 27, 2018• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

5G wireless networks are evolving to meet the rapid increase in the demand of the users to get high-quality broadband services with high-speed data rate. This advance development came up with a lot of challenges such as coverage region, security, energy efficiency, spectrum utilization, cost, latency, and data rate. To ensure the security, there are many conventional key exchange algorithms that need complex infrastructure. In recent times, physical layer-based security has gained a lot of attention since it offers the simple and efficient way of key exchange by exploiting wireless channel characteristics. In this project, for secret key sharing between the two legitimate users through the correlated channel that is shared with eavesdropper, a pre-equalization transmit filter that inverts the main channel is employed. Further to decrease the probability of interception by eavesdropper while permitting successful decoding by the legitimate user. Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC) code is used to assure reliable communication. Modulation schemes such as basic QPSK and 64,128 and 256- QAM are used to achieve higher bit rates. To achieve high secrecy between the legitimate users zero forcing algorithm is used to invert the channel. Through simulations, the effect of channel correlation will be studied to analyze the low secret key mismatch between the Bob and Eve. Here Eve having high Bit Error Rate(BER) so that eve could not obtain the original bits. The simulation will be done using Matlab.

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5G wireless networks are evolving to meet the rapid increase in the demand of the users to get high-quality broadband services with high-speed data rate. This advance development came up with a lot of challenges such as coverage region, security, energy efficiency, spectrum utilization, cost, latency, and data rate. To ensure the security, there are many conventional key exchange algorithms that need complex infrastructure. In recent times, physical layer-based security has gained a lot of attention since it offers the simple and efficient way of key exchange by exploiting wireless channel characteristics. In this project, for secret key sharing between the two legitimate users through the correlated channel that is shared with eavesdropper, a pre-equalization transmit filter that inverts the main channel is employed. Further to decrease the probability of interception by eavesdropper while permitting successful decoding by the legitimate user. Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC) code is used to assure reliable communication. Modulation schemes such as basic QPSK and 64,128 and 256- QAM are used to achieve higher bit rates. To achieve high secrecy between the legitimate users zero forcing algorithm is used to invert the channel. Through simulations, the effect of channel correlation will be studied to analyze the low secret key mismatch between the Bob and Eve. Here Eve having high Bit Error Rate(BER) so that eve could not obtain the original bits. The simulation will be done using Matlab.
Next generation 5G wireless networks pose several important security challenges. One fundamental challenge is key management between the two communicating parties. The goal is to establish a common secret key through an unsecured wireless medium. In this paper, we introduce a new physical layer paradigm for secure key exchange between the legitimate communication parties in the presence of a passive eavesdropper. The proposed method ensures secrecy via pre-equalization and guarantees reliable communications by the use of Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) codes. One of the main findings of this paper is to demonstrate through simulations that the diversity order of the eavesdropper will be zero unless the main and eavesdropping channels are almost correlated, while the probability of key mismatch between the legitimate transmitter and receiver will be low. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves very low secret key mismatch between the legitimate users, while ensuring very high error probability at the eavesdropper.
Physical layer security is a promising technology for non-terrestrial wireless networks due to the lack of infrastructure over the low-altitude and high-altitude uncrewed aerial vehicle platforms. Physical layer security can be addressed using key-based and keyless approaches, such as channel adaptation and channel coding. In the key-based approach, the legitimate users generate secret keys by exploiting the unique random channel gains, which can be further used for information encryption and decryption. In non-terrestrial networks, the physical layer exploitation and the matching of generated secret keys on legitimate ends become more complex due to the 3-dimensional channel models, and the high mobility of uncrewed aerial vehicles, resulting in nonzero key. To address this challenge, this paper proposes an artificial intelligence-based key exchange mechanism where the secret keys are generated on the legitimate nodes of the communications links. The transmitter is responsible for training the neural network and transmitting the final synapses to the receiver to reconcile the information. The results are presented in terms of secret key waveforms. The success rate against the number of errors that occur in a single 128-bit key and 256-bit key shows a significant improvement.
Secret key generation based on channel characteristics is an effective physical-layer security method for 5G wireless networks. The issues of how to ensure the high key generation rate and correlation of the secret key under active attack are needed to be addressed. In this paper, a new practical secret key generation scheme with high rate and correlation is proposed. In our proposed scheme, Alice and Bob transmit independent random sequences instead of known training sequences or probing signals; neither Alice nor Bob can decode these random sequences or estimate the channel. User's random sequences together with the channel effects are used as common random source to generate the secret key. With this solution, legitimate users are able to share secret keys with sufficient length and high security under active attack. We evaluate the proposed scheme through both analytic and simulation studies. The results show that our proposed scheme achieves high key generation rate and key security, and is suitable for 5G wireless networks with resource-constrained devices.
Physical layer security is a promising technology for non-terrestrial wireless networks due to the lack of infrastructure over the low-altitude and high-altitude uncrewed aerial vehicle platforms. Physical layer security can be addressed using key-based and keyless approaches, such as channel adaptation and channel coding. In the key-based approach, the legitimate users generate secret keys by exploiting the unique random channel gains, which can be further used for information encryption and decryption. In non-terrestrial networks, the physical layer exploitation and the matching of generated secret keys on legitimate ends become more complex due to the 3-dimensional channel models, and the high mobility of uncrewed aerial vehicles, resulting in nonzero key. To address this challenge, this paper proposes an artificial intelligence-based key exchange mechanism where the secret keys are generated on the legitimate nodes of the communications links. The transmitter is responsible for training the neural network and transmitting the final synapses to the receiver to reconcile the information. The results are presented in terms of secret key waveforms. The success rate against the number of errors that occur in a single 128-bit key and 256-bit key shows a significant improvement.
Information security has been a very important issue in wireless networks. With the ever-increasing amount of data being exchanged over wireless networks, the confidentiality of information needs to be protected from unauthorized users called eavesdropper. Due to the broadcast nature of the wireless medium, the transmissions between legitimate users maybe overheard and intercepted by the unauthorized parties, which makes wireless transmission vulnerable to potential eavesdropping attacks. The security of wireless communications plays an increasingly important role in the cybercrime defense against unauthorized activities. We consider the wireless physical layer security which has been explored for the sake of enhancing the protection of wireless communications against eavesdroppers. We consider the problem of secret communication through Rayleigh fading channel in the presence of an eavesdropper in which the transmitter knows the channel state information of both the main and eavesdropper channel. Then, we analyze the average capacity of the main channel and eavesdropper channel from which an expression of secrecy capacity is derived based on the cumulative distribution function and probability density function of the signal to noise ratio. We also analyze an expression for the symbol error rate of the main channel, and the outage probability is obtained for the main transmission. Finally, we perform the numerical results in MATLAB.
Information is regarded as a resource with highest organizational value. Its confidentiality, integrity and authenticity are important for any organization. The broadcast nature of wireless medium makes communication vulnerable to security attacks such as eavesdropping, non-repudiation, denial of service and more. Hence, prior to transmission of information, a secret key is securely exchanged between sender and receiver. Conventional key generation algorithms work at the application layer. However, they suffer from computational overheads and require a reliable third party. Moreover, when system grows complex, these methods start failing considerably. To encounter these issues, a novel key exchange mechanism is proposed which works at the physical layer. The proposed method is based on the concept of self-jamming and exploits the properties of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). The simulation results show that the proposed scheme has a low Bit Error Rate (BER) for the receiver and high BER for the eavesdropper. It has also been shown that the number of attempts that eavesdropper has to make to guess the correct key are large, thereby decreasing its probability to decode the correct key.