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Review of Scientific Instruments

Note: A simple magnetic field design for dichroic atomic vapor laser lock

Teng Xiao, Tong Wang, Bo Yan

Published Apr 1, 2018• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The dichroic atomic vapor laser lock (DAVLL) is a very useful scheme for frequency stabilization. A bias field on the order of 100 G is required to get the error signal for frequency locking. Here we report a simple design for the bias field with the permanent magnetic balls. It is really simple and easy to adjust the magnitude. Since the DAVLL lock is not sensitive to the bias field, such a design is very suitable.

DOI
10.1063/1.5020519

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Optical Technique•Jan 1, 2012•1 citation
The dichroic atomic vapor laser lock (DAVLL) is a very useful scheme for frequency stabilization. A bias field on the order of 100 G is required to get the error signal for frequency locking. Here we report a simple design for the bias field with the permanent magnetic balls. It is really simple and easy to adjust the magnitude. Since the DAVLL lock is not sensitive to the bias field, such a design is very suitable.
The design and performance of a compact heated vapor cell unit for realizing a dichroic atomic vapor laser lock (DAVLL) for the D(2) transitions in atomic rubidium is described. A 5 cm long vapor cell is placed in a double-solenoid arrangement to produce the required magnetic field; the heat from the solenoid is used to increase the vapor pressure and correspondingly the DAVLL signal. We have characterized experimentally the dependence of important features of the DAVLL signal on magnetic field and cell temperature. For the weaker transitions both the amplitude and gradient of the signal are increased by an order of magnitude.
We demonstrate a non-crossover sub-Doppler dichroic atomic vapor laser locking (DAVLL) in selective reflection scheme, which allows us to obtain a modulation-free laser locking with wide tuneable range. The dependence of peak-to-peak amplitude, tuneable range and the slope near the zero-crossing point of error signal on the frequency shift induced by the magnetic fields are studied. The adjustable error signal by the varying external magnetic field can offer the laser locking from the order of tens MHz to hundreds MHz. The ultimate dither of locked laser frequency is less than 0.5 MHz. The square root of Allan variance of the error signals reaches a minimum of 3 × 10−10 for an averaging time of 130 s.
A robust laser-frequency-locking scheme to atomic transitions is proposed and demonstrated. In this scheme, dispersion of the Zeeman-shifted atoms instead of absorption in the dichroic atomic vapor laser lock (DAVLL) [Appl. Opt.37, 3295 (1998)] is measured and used as an error signal for stabilization feedback. The error signal of the proposed scheme can provide a wide locking range. Experimental demonstration with the transition between 5d 2D3/2 and 6p 2P1/2 of Ba+ is carried out for a grating feedback external-cavity laser diode at 650 nm.
We present a method of laser frequency stabilization based on the linear dichroism signal in a transverse magnetic field. This method is similar to the DAVLL (Dichroic Atomic Vapor Laser Lock) method. It differs from DAVLL and from its existing modifications primarily by the fact that it uses signals of linearly polarized light caused by alignment, rather than circular refraction caused by orientation, and therefore allows us to obtain error signals at the magnetic field modulation frequency (or its second harmonic) by extremely simple means. The method allows the laser frequency to be stabilized in the vicinity of the low-frequency transition in the D1 line of Cs; it does not require strong magnetic fields or careful shielding of cells containing cesium atoms. Although the absorption line in a gas-filled cell is typically gigahertz wide, the achievable resolution, limited by the signal-to-noise ratio of photon shot noise, can reach units or tens of kilohertz in a one hertz bandwidth.
We report the frequency stabilization of a diode laser by applying the dichroic-atomic-vapor laser lock (DAVLL) method to a thin Rb vapor cell. A 1-mm-long Rb vapor cell is used to obtain a sub-Doppler spectrum that is required for frequency locking, which is easier than in the case of using a saturated absorption spectrometer. A 794-nm diode laser is tuned to the Rb D 1 line, and sub-Doppler signals are observed by introducing a pumping beam and a probe beam in a perpendicular direction. We obtain error signals by subtracting the signals of σ+ polarized beams from that of σ- polarized beams in the presence of a magnetic field and stabilized the 794 nm diode laser frequency without modulating laser parameters. The stability of the 794-nm diode laser is evaluated using other independently stabilized diode laser.
Theory of all optical cesium magnetometer is based on the optical testing which can be used in weak magnetic field measurement.The character of laser frequency stabilization would affect the magnetometer sensitivity directly.In this work,the principle of dichroic atomic vapor laser lock(DAVLL) is analyzed and compared with the other frequency stabilization methods.The method basing on traditional two-level atom is not applicable to cesium D2 transitional frequency stabilization.The DAVLL spectra of D2 line from ground states of Fg=4 and Fg=3 transitions at different magnetic field are measured.That the optimum magnetic field is about 16mT for two transitions is found out.The dependence of the frequency shift of the zero point of the frequency discrimination curve on the magnetic field strength is discussed.The result show that the magnetic field would make the zero point from ground state Fg =4 transition shift of 6MHz/mT relative to Fg=4→Fe=5 transition and shift of-9MHz/mT for ground Fg=3 transition relative to Fg=3→Fe=4 transition near the optimum field respectively.