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Universal quantum storage with spin wave in a ring array of nuclear spins

Y. D. Wang, YueYang Li, Zhigang Song, C. P. Sun

Published Sep 18, 2004• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We propose a novel solid state based protocol to implement the universal quantum storage for electronic spin qubit. The quantum memory in this protocol is the magnons in the ring array of nuclei in a quantum well. We show that the quantum information carried by an arbitrary state of the electronic spin can be coherently mapped onto the magnon excitations in the spin wave quantum memory. With appropriate external control, the stored quantum state in quantum memory can be read out reversibly. We also explore the novel mechanism of quantum decoherence due to the inhomogeneous couplings between the electronic spin and the nuclear spins.

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We propose a novel solid state based protocol to implement the universal quantum storage for electronic spin qubit. The quantum memory in this protocol is the magnons in the ring array of nuclei in a quantum well. We show that the quantum information carried by an arbitrary state of the electronic spin can be coherently mapped onto the magnon excitations in the spin wave quantum memory. With appropriate external control, the stored quantum state in quantum memory can be read out reversibly. We also explore the novel mechanism of quantum decoherence due to the inhomogeneous couplings between the electronic spin and the nuclear spins.
We propose a solid state based protocol to implement the universal quantum storage for electronic spin qubit. The quantum memory in this scheme is the spin wave excitation in the ring array of nuclei in a quantum dot. We show that the quantum information carried by an arbitrary state of the electronic spin can be coherently mapped onto the spin wave excitations or the magnon states. With an appropriate external control, the stored quantum state in quantum memory can be read out reversibly. We also explore in detail the quantum decoherence mechanism due to the inhomogeneous couplings between the electronic spin and the nuclear spins.
Coherent excitation of an ensemble of quantum objects offers the opportunity to realise robust entanglement generation and information storage in a quantum memory [1]. Thus far, interfacing with such a collective excitation deterministically has remained elusive owing to the difficulty of controlling a probe spin in the midst of a complex many-body system. In the strained atomic lattice of a semiconductor quantum dot, nuclear quadrupole effects generate an electron-nuclear interaction that can be engineered by driving the electron spin (Fig. 1a). By implementing an all-optical approach to access the individual quantised electronic-nuclear spin transitions, we have experimentally demonstrated coherent optical rotations of a single collective nuclear spin excitation corresponding to a spin wave called a nuclear magnon [2] (Fig. 1b).
Recently, an ensemble of nuclear spins in a quantum dot have been proposed as a long-lived quantum memory. A quantum state of an electron spin in the dot can be faithfully transfered into nuclear spins through controlled hyperfine coupling. Here we study the decoherence of this memory due to nuclear spin dipolar coupling and inhomogeneous hyperfine interaction during the storage period. We calculated the maximum fidelity of writing, storing, and reading operations. Our results show that nuclear spin dynamics can severely limit the performance of the proposed device for quantum information processing and storage based on nuclear spins.
States with long coherence are a crucial requirement for qubits and quantum memories. Nuclear spins in epitaxial GaAs/AlGaAs quantum dots are a great candidate, offering excellent isolation from external environments and on-demand coupling to optical flying qubits. However, coherence times are limited to ≲ 1 ms by the dipole-dipole interactions between the nuclei and by the nuclear quadrupolar coupling to inhomogeneous crystal strain. Here, we combine strain engineering of the nuclear spin ensemble and tailored dynamical decoupling sequences to achieve nuclear spin coherence times exceeding 100 ms. Recently, a reversible transfer of quantum information into nuclear spin ensembles has been demonstrated in quantum dots: our results provide a path to develop this concept into a functioning solid-state quantum memory suitable for quantum repeaters in optical quantum communication networks.
We describe a technique to create long-lived quantum memory for quantum bits in mesoscopic systems. Specifically we show that electronic spin coherence can be reversibly mapped onto the collective state of the surrounding nuclei. The coherent transfer can be efficient and fast and it can be used, when combined with standard resonance techniques, to reversibly store coherent superpositions on the time scale of seconds. This method can also allow for "engineering" entangled states of nuclear ensembles and efficiently manipulating the stored states. We investigate the feasibility of this method through a detailed analysis of the coherence properties of the system.
We experimentally demonstrate room-temperature storage of quantum entanglement using two nuclear spins weakly coupled to the electronic spin carried by a single nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond. We realize universal quantum gate control over the three-qubit spin system and produce entangled states in the decoherence-free subspace of the two nuclear spins. By injecting arbitrary collective noise, we demonstrate that the decoherence-free entangled state has coherence time longer than that of other entangled states by an order of magnitude in our experiment.