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Optical Engineering

Controlling the light propagation in one-dimensional photonic crystal via incoherent pump and interdot tunneling

Majid Abbasabadi, Mostafa Sahrai

Published Jan 25, 2018• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We investigated the propagation of an electromagnetic pulse through a one-dimensional photonic crystal doped with quantum-dot (QD) molecules in a defect layer. The QD molecules behave as a three-level quantum system and are driven by a coherent probe laser field and an incoherent pump field. No coherent coupling laser fields were introduced, and the coherence was created by the interdot tunnel effect. Further studied was the effect of tunneling and incoherent pumping on the group velocity of the transmitted and reflected probe pulse.

DOI
10.1117/1.oe.57.1.016112

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We investigated the propagation of an electromagnetic pulse through a one-dimensional photonic crystal doped with quantum-dot (QD) molecules in a defect layer. The QD molecules behave as a three-level quantum system and are driven by a coherent probe laser field and an incoherent pump field. No coherent coupling laser fields were introduced, and the coherence was created by the interdot tunnel effect. Further studied was the effect of tunneling and incoherent pumping on the group velocity of the transmitted and reflected probe pulse.
Abstract The transient and steady-state behavior of the probe absorption and dispersion at 1.55 µ m wavelength through a 1D photonic crystal with a defect layer doped by an InAs/GaAs quintuple quantum dot molecule nanostructure are discussed. We show that the group velocity of a light pulse can be controlled just by controlling the rate of incoherent pumping and interdot tunneling. We also investigate the electro-optical switching time of light propagation from subluminal to superluminal or vice versa. The time required to switch from subluminal to superluminal light propagation is found to be in the range 17–34 ps. Such controllable optical properties in a 1D photonic crystal with a defect layer may provide some new possibilities for technological applications in optoelectronics, solid-state quantum information science and systems dealing with signal processing.
We discuss the light pulse propagation in a one-dimensional photonic crystal doped by graphene quantum dots in a defect layer. The graphene quantum dots behave as a three-level quantum system and are driven by three coherent laser fields. It is shown that the group velocity of the transmitted and reflected pulses can be switched from subluminal to superluminal light propagation by adjusting the relative phase of the applied fields. Furthermore, it is found that by proper choice of the phase difference between applied fields, the weak probe field amplification is achieved through a one-dimensional photonic crystal. In this way, the result is simultaneous subluminal transmission and reflection.
Abstract The propagation of an electromagnetic pulse through a dielectric slab doped with a triple quantum dot (QD) nanostructure has been discussed in the presence of electron tunneling. We include the effect of an incoherent pump field in the transmission and reflection of a pulse in a triple QD. It is shown that the reflected and transmitted pulses can be switched from subluminal to superluminal light propagation by changing either the rate of the incoherent pump field or the inter-dot tunneling between QD1, QD2 and QD3 in a slab. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the inter-dot tunnel coupling can significantly affect the behavior of optical bistability (OB) and optical multi-stability (OM) in a dielectric slab. The obtained results can be used for the development of new types of nanoelectronic devices for realizing the switching process.
We study infrared-light propagation and dynamical control of a tunable three-level system in a driven quantum-dot (QD) molecule by means of interdot tunnelling instead of a pumping laser. By numerically solving coupled Bloch?Maxwell equations, it is shown that under the resonant tunnelling condition, an interband (IB) infrared-light pulse acting as a 'signal' can propagate with transparency due to the strong tunnelling-induced coupling. However, when the applied bias voltage tilts the energy levels of the structure such that the levels of the different dots move out of resonance (i.e., the nonresonant tunnelling), with an increase of detuning ?12, the coupling efficiency of interdot tunnelling decreases considerably and the IB infrared-light pulse will be almost completely absorbed after a characteristic propagation length. This can work as an absorptive optical switch where a signal (IB infrared light) is fully controlled by the external bias voltage. Our calculations provide a guideline for the development of new types of nanoelectronic devices in the QD solid-state system, which is much more practical than that in an atomic system because of its flexible design and the controllable (tunable) interference strength.
Quantum-dot-molecular phase coherence (and the relevant quantum-interference-switchable optical response) can be utilized to control electromagnetic wave propagation via a gate voltage, since quantum-dot molecules can exhibit an effect of quantum coherence (phase coherence) when quantum-dot-molecular discrete multilevel transitions are driven by an electromagnetic wave. Interdot tunneling of carriers (electrons and holes) controlled by the gate voltage can lead to destructive quantum interference in a quantum-dot molecule that is coupled to an incident electromagnetic wave, and gives rise to a quantum coherence effect (e.g., electromagnetically induced transparency, EIT) in a quantum-dot-molecule dielectric film. The tunable on- and off-resonance tunneling effect of an incident electromagnetic wave (probe field) through such a quantum-coherent quantum-dot-molecule dielectric film is investigated. It is found that a high gate voltage can lead to the EIT phenomenon of the quantum-dot-molecular systems. Under the condition of on-resonance light tunneling through the present quantum-dot-molecule dielectric film, the probe field should propagate without loss if the probe frequency detuning is zero. Such an effect caused by both EIT and resonant tunneling, which is sensitive to the gate voltage, can be utilized for designing devices such as photonic switching, transistors, and logic gates.
Abstract In this paper, we have discussed the transmission and reflection properties of the infrared laser pulse propagated through one-dimensional photonic crystal (1DPC) with single layer of graphene nanotrusses. The single layer graphene system interacts with a probe laser field and two coupling lights. We analytically solve the optical susceptibility of the single layer graphene system for adapting the dielectric function of the 1DPC. After that we discuss the transmission and reflection properties of the incident laser pulse on 1DPC by controlling the intensity for the coupling lights and relative phase between applied lights. We have also found that the absorption and population spectrums of the medium can be controlled by the relative phase between applied lights. Our results show that the gain without population inversion can be obtained for the simultaneous slow light propagation in the transmission and reflection pulses. Our results may have potential application in the future of the all-optical devices in quantum technologies.