Prospective of Solid-State Quantum Computer Development and Application

Bruce E. Kane

Guaraci Barga Nascimento Falcão, Nascimento Falcão, Rodolfo Molinari

The current universe of computer applications is based on the technology of solid-state switching, which are correlated with solid state transistors and other electronic elements, developed from the principles of quantum physics postulated in the first quarter of the last century. Such technology is now approaching a level of saturation that leads to predicting stagnation of the application of computer systems in a future not too distant, if a new computer application technology will not replace it. In this context, another technology, also based on quantum physics has emerged as a solution, not only to the problem of the expected limitation of current technology but, more importantly, as a giant leap in the application possibilities: The Quantum Computation. This work aims to study the history of the development of quantum computing machines and its principles of functionality, positioning the state of the art technology and analyzing the prospects for its future application.

David Peter Divincenzo

B. Ruggiero, Per Delsing, C. Granata +2 more

S.C. Benjamin, Brendon W. Lovett, J.M. Smith

Abstract This article aims to review the developments, both theoretical and experimental, that have in the past decade laid the ground for a new approach to solid state quantum computing. Measurement‐based quantum computing (MBQC) requires neither direct interaction between qubits nor even what would be considered controlled generation of entanglement. Rather it can be achieved using entanglement that is generated probabilistically by the collapse of quantum states upon measurement. Single electronic spins in solids make suitable qubits for such an approach, offering long coherence times and well defined routes to optical measurement. We will review the theoretical basis of MBQC and experimental data for two frontrunner candidate qubits – nitrogen‐vacancy (NV) centres in diamond and semiconductor quantum dots – and discuss the prospects and challenges that lie ahead in realising MBQC in the solid state.

Joel Q. Grim, Allan S. Bracker, T. L. Reinecke +2 more

Abstract Photonic quantum science—which harnesses light-matter interactions down to the single photon level—provides advanced light sources for quantum sensing, communication, and computing. Integrating solid-state light sources on a photonic chip provides a means of creating scalable on-chip quantum networks with sophisticated optoelectronic circuitry. Extending beyond single emitters to multi-emitter systems is a frontier that offers substantial opportunities for fundamental scientific advances as well as applications that require multi-emitter quantum states. A key challenge in this endeavor is the spectral inhomogeneity of solid-state emitters, which results in non-identical emitters that cannot be interfaced with one another. This review describes recent advances in tailoring the emission properties of individual emitters and the multi-emitter demonstrations that are enabled by this control for a variety of prominent materials, as well as prospects for further development.