Domain walls in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates

We study a rotating two-component Bose-Einstein condensate in which an optically induced Josephson coupling allows for population transfer between the two species. In a regime where separation of species is favored, the ground state of the rotating system displays domain walls with velocity fields normal to them. Such a configuration looks like a vortex split into two halves, with atoms circulating around the vortex and changing their internal state as they cross the domain wall.

arXiv:cond-mat/0109422Physical Review AAug 13, 200243 citations

Domain walls in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates

Dam Thanh Son, Mikhail A. Stephanov

Published Mar 21, 2001• 8 citations

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Abstract

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Domain walls of relative phase in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates

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arXiv:cond-mat/0103451Physical Review AJun 20, 2002166 citations

Confinement and precession of vortex pairs in coherently coupled Bose-Einstein condensates

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The dynamic behavior of vortex pairs in two-component coherently (Rabi) coupled Bose-Einstein condensates is investigated in the presence of harmonic trapping. We discuss the role of the surface tension associated with the domain wall connecting two vortices in condensates of atoms occupying different spin states and its effect on the precession of the vortex pair. The results, based on the numerical solution of the Gross-Pitaevskii equations, are compared with the predictions of an analytical macroscopic model and are discussed as a function of the size of the pair, the Rabi coupling, and the intercomponent interaction. We show that the increase of the Rabi coupling results in the disintegration of the domain wall into smaller pieces, connecting vortices of newly created vortex pairs. The resulting scenario is the analog of quark confinement and string breaking in quantum chromodynamics.The dynamic behavior of vortex pairs in two-component coherently (Rabi) coupled Bose-Einstein condensates is investigated in the presence of harmonic trapping. We discuss the role of the surface tension associated with the domain wall connecting two vortices in condensates of atoms occupying different spin states and its effect on the precession of the vortex pair. The results, based on the numerical solution of the Gross-Pitaevskii equations, are compared with the predictions of an analytical macroscopic model and are discussed as a function of the size of the pair, the Rabi coupling, and the intercomponent interaction. We show that the increase of the Rabi coupling results in the disintegration of the domain wall into smaller pieces, connecting vortices of newly created vortex pairs. The resulting scenario is the analog of quark confinement and string breaking in quantum chromodynamics.

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Spin domain wall in rotating two-component Bose–Einstein condensates

Jingjing Jin, Suying Zhang, Wei Han

We study rotating two-component Bose–Einstein condensates with equal particle numbers and strong intercomponent repulsion located in a harmonic potential by numerically solving two-dimensional coupled Gross–Pitaevskii equations. The condensates are observed as a dramatic departure, forming a pair of shells located symmetrically in the trap with a small spatial overlap. Projecting the system into a pseudospin space, a spin domain wall is formed at the interface of the two components. The complex and spatial periodic spin texture is formed on the domain-wall region. We discuss the dependence of the spin texture of the domain wall on the angular velocity in detail. The relation among the number of the vortices, the topological charge and the angular momentum, as an extension of Feynman's rule in the two-component Bose–Einstein condensates, is given, based on the spin texture carrying the angular momentum of the condensates.We study rotating two-component Bose–Einstein condensates with equal particle numbers and strong intercomponent repulsion located in a harmonic potential by numerically solving two-dimensional coupled Gross–Pitaevskii equations. The condensates are observed as a dramatic departure, forming a pair of shells located symmetrically in the trap with a small spatial overlap. Projecting the system into a pseudospin space, a spin domain wall is formed at the interface of the two components. The complex and spatial periodic spin texture is formed on the domain-wall region. We discuss the dependence of the spin texture of the domain wall on the angular velocity in detail. The relation among the number of the vortices, the topological charge and the angular momentum, as an extension of Feynman's rule in the two-component Bose–Einstein condensates, is given, based on the spin texture carrying the angular momentum of the condensates.

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Decay of the relative phase domain wall into confined vortex pairs: The case of a coherently coupled bosonic mixture

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Phase domain walls in coherently driven Bose-Einstein condensates

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Split vortices in optically coupled Bose-Einstein condensates

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arXiv:cond-mat/0109422Physical Review AAug 13, 200243 citations

(\mathbb{Z}_2)

. Domain walls form with time even when the initial state of the system is uniform or completely disordered; they fall into different topological types distinguished by the total phase variation in the transverse direction. One type of domain walls is similar to ``magnetic'' solitons in Bose-Einstein condensates and exhibits nonzero spin polarization whose sign depends on the direction of motion. Domain walls of the second type, by contrast, behave like monopoles with broken spatiotemporal symmetry and tend to move in certain preferred directions. The interaction of vortices and domain walls results in a long-range ordering of the system.