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Rydberg excitation of single atoms in optical tweezers

Alpha Gaétan, Y. Miroshnychenko, Tatjana Wilk, Charles Evellin, Gaétan Messin, Antoine Browaeys, Philippe Grangier, Matthieu Viteau, Amodsen Chotia, D. Comparat, P. Pillet

Published May 14, 2008• 0 citations
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Continuously replenished optical tweezer arrays will unlock unlimited-depth quantum circuits with neutral atom qubits. A key bottleneck limiting the cycle time of these systems is removing atoms from tweezers initially loaded with more than one atom. In the conventional technique of light-assisted collisions, slow collisional dynamics limit the timescale for removing excess atoms to several milliseconds. Here, we propose and demonstrate a scheme for selectively removing one atom at a time from multiply occupied tweezers on a microsecond timescale, using intra-tweezer Rydberg blockade and autoionization. We demonstrate the protocol in $^{171}$Yb in two complementary regimes. With two-photon Rydberg excitation from the ground state, we reduce multi-atom probability to 1% in 64.8 $μ$s, while retaining single atoms in 58.2(2)% of the tweezers, which is comparable to the filling fraction achieved with light-assisted collisions under the same experimental conditions, but over two orders of magnitude faster. With single-photon excitation from the metastable state $^3P_0$, reduced single-atom loss enables a higher filling fraction of 74.8(3)%, at the cost of additional temporal overhead to prepare the atoms in $^3P_0$. The final filling fraction is limited by an unexplained two-body loss mechanism, which, if solved, could enable fast, quasi-deterministic loading.

physics.atom-phCross-listedarXiv:2606.03922•Jun 3, 2026•0 citations

High-resolution Spectroscopy and Single-photon Rydberg Excitation of Reconfigurable Ytterbium Atom Tweezer Arrays Utilizing a Metastable State

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We present an experimental system for Rydberg tweezer arrays with ytterbium (Yb) atoms featuring internal state manipulation between the ground ${}^1$S$_0$ and the metastable ${}^3$P$_2$ states, and single-photon excitation from the ${}^3$P$_2$ to Rydberg states. In the experiments, single Yb atoms are trapped in two-dimensional arrays of optical tweezers and are detected by fluorescence imaging with the intercombination ${}^1$S$_0 \leftrightarrow {}^3$P$_1$ transition, and the defect-free single atom arrays are prepared by the rearrangement with the feedaback. We successfully perform high-resolution ${}^1$S$_0\leftrightarrow {}^3$P$_2$ state spectroscopy for the single atoms, demonstrating the utilities of this ultranarrow transition. We further perform single-photon excitation from the ${}^3$P$_2$ to Rydberg states for the single atoms, which is a key for the efficient Rydberg excitation. We also perform a systematic measurement of a complex energy structure of a series of D states including newly observed ${}^3$D$_3$ states. The developed system shows feasibility of future experiments towards quantum simulations and computations using single Yb atoms.

arXiv:2204.07995•Journal of the Physical Society of Japan•Jul 3, 2022•32 citations
Continuously replenished optical tweezer arrays will unlock unlimited-depth quantum circuits with neutral atom qubits. A key bottleneck limiting the cycle time of these systems is removing atoms from tweezers initially loaded with more than one atom. In the conventional technique of light-assisted collisions, slow collisional dynamics limit the timescale for removing excess atoms to several milliseconds. Here, we propose and demonstrate a scheme for selectively removing one atom at a time from multiply occupied tweezers on a microsecond timescale, using intra-tweezer Rydberg blockade and autoionization. We demonstrate the protocol in 171^{171}171Yb in two complementary regimes. With two-photon Rydberg excitation from the ground state, we reduce multi-atom probability to 1% in 64.8 μμμs, while retaining single atoms in 58.2(2)% of the tweezers, which is comparable to the filling fraction achieved with light-assisted collisions under the same experimental conditions, but over two orders of magnitude faster. With single-photon excitation from the metastable state 3P0^3P_03P0​, reduced single-atom loss enables a higher filling fraction of 74.8(3)%, at the cost of additional temporal overhead to prepare the atoms in 3P0^3P_03P0​. The final filling fraction is limited by an unexplained two-body loss mechanism, which, if solved, could enable fast, quasi-deterministic loading.
We present an experimental system for Rydberg tweezer arrays with ytterbium (Yb) atoms featuring internal state manipulation between the ground 1{}^11S0_00​ and the metastable 3{}^33P2_22​ states, and single-photon excitation from the 3{}^33P2_22​ to Rydberg states. In the experiments, single Yb atoms are trapped in two-dimensional arrays of optical tweezers and are detected by fluorescence imaging with the intercombination 1{}^11S0↔3_0 \leftrightarrow {}^30​↔3P1_11​ transition, and the defect-free single atom arrays are prepared by the rearrangement with the feedaback. We successfully perform high-resolution 1{}^11S0↔3_0\leftrightarrow {}^30​↔3P2_22​ state spectroscopy for the single atoms, demonstrating the utilities of this ultranarrow transition. We further perform single-photon excitation from the 3{}^33P2_22​ to Rydberg states for the single atoms, which is a key for the efficient Rydberg excitation. We also perform a systematic measurement of a complex energy structure of a series of D states including newly observed 3{}^33D3_33​ states. The developed system shows feasibility of future experiments towards quantum simulations and computations using single Yb atoms.