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IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking

Secrecy Analysis of Wireless-Powered Multi-Antenna Relaying System With Nonlinear Energy Harvesters and Imperfect CSI

Jiliang Zhang, Gaofeng Pan, Yiyuan Xie

Published Dec 19, 2017• 62 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper, the secrecy performance of a wireless-powered multi-antenna relaying system, which consists of a source$\boldsymbol {(S)}$, a destination$\boldsymbol {(D)}$,$\boldsymbol {N (N>1)}$relays (Rs), a power beacon$\boldsymbol {(B)}$, and an eavesdropper$\boldsymbol {(E)}$, is studied in the presence of imperfect channel state information at Rs. Both S and Rs are assumed to be with nonlinear energy harvesters, and harvest energy from radio-frequency signals from B through a time-switching harvesting scheme. Assuming Rs deploy decode-and-forward scheme, a general$\boldsymbol {K}$th best relay in terms of instantaneous secrecy capacity for S-R-D link is selected for information transmission. An analytical expression for secrecy outage probability (SOP), validated via Monte Carlo simulation, is derived when all channels experience independent Rayleigh fading. Numerical results show that a higher correlation coefficient between the estimated and real channel values leads to better SOP performance when the ratio of the channel gains of R-D and R-E links is in the high region for the first hop or in the low-to-medium region for the second hop. Furthermore, there exists a special value of the saturation threshold of the energy harvester at S or R, and SOP performance cannot be improved when the saturation threshold is beyond that value.

DOI
10.1109/tgcn.2017.2785245

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In this paper, the secrecy performance of a wireless-powered multi-antenna relaying system, which consists of a source(S)\boldsymbol {(S)}(S), a destination(D)\boldsymbol {(D)}(D),N(N>1)\boldsymbol {N (N>1)}N(N>1)relays (Rs), a power beacon(B)\boldsymbol {(B)}(B), and an eavesdropper(E)\boldsymbol {(E)}(E), is studied in the presence of imperfect channel state information at Rs. Both S and Rs are assumed to be with nonlinear energy harvesters, and harvest energy from radio-frequency signals from B through a time-switching harvesting scheme. Assuming Rs deploy decode-and-forward scheme, a generalK\boldsymbol {K}Kth best relay in terms of instantaneous secrecy capacity for S-R-D link is selected for information transmission. An analytical expression for secrecy outage probability (SOP), validated via Monte Carlo simulation, is derived when all channels experience independent Rayleigh fading. Numerical results show that a higher correlation coefficient between the estimated and real channel values leads to better SOP performance when the ratio of the channel gains of R-D and R-E links is in the high region for the first hop or in the low-to-medium region for the second hop. Furthermore, there exists a special value of the saturation threshold of the energy harvester at S or R, and SOP performance cannot be improved when the saturation threshold is beyond that value.
We consider a cooperative system consisting of a source node, a destination node, N ( N >1) wireless-powered relays, and an eavesdropper. Each relay is assumed to be with a nonlinear energy harvester, in which there exists a saturation threshold, limiting the level of the harvested power. For decode-and-forward and power splitting protocols, the K th best relay is selected to assist the source-relay-destination transmission. An analytical expression for the secrecy outage probability is derived, and also verified by simulation.
This paper studies the secrecy performance of an energy-harvesting relaying system in the presence of a dualuse source node and an eavesdropper.Specifically, the source has dual roles in the dual-hop communication: 1) to transmit confidential information in the first hop; 2) to generate jamming signal to interfere the eavesdropper in the second hop.Moreover, the multi-antenna relay deploys a power-splitting harvesting scheme to coordinate the information receiving and energy harvesting, and adopts maximal ratio combining technique to process the multiple copies of signals.Considering decode-andforward protocol and transmit antenna selection scheme, we derive an analytical expression for secrecy outage probability, and perform Monte Carlo simulation to validate the analysis.Analytical results show that the SOP performance with the dualuse source node can be effectively improved when the relaydestination channel does not have absolute advantage over the relay-eavesdropper channel.
Abstract Secrecy performance of a cooperative communication network is analyzed in which source transmits information to a destination via multiple relays, assisted with multiple antennas, where an eavesdropper is able to eavesdrop the information signal from relay only. The direct link does not exist between source and destination due to deep fading and shadowing effect and transmission of a signal from source to destination is completed in two phases; first is the broadcasting phase and other is the relaying phase. Each relay follows decode and forward protocol and receives the information signal with multiple antennas. A selected relay harvests energy from received multiple signals through multiple antennas. Both information and jamming signals are transmitted by the selected antenna of a selected relay. It has been seen that a selected relay harvests energy 0.3706 joule with an array of 5 antennas when the source transmits the information signal with 5 dBW power. We have also observed that the performance increased by 99.24% in case of an array four antennas system with respect to an array of two antennas system when secrecy threshold is 1 bit/s/Hz . Secrecy performance is measured in terms of secrecy outage probability (SOP). A closed-form expression of the SOP is derived to analyze the secrecy performance which is verified by the simulation results.
In this paper, we investigate the secrecy performance of an energy harvesting relay network, where a legitimate source communicates with a legitimate destination via the assistance of multiple trusted relays. In the considered system, the source and relays deploy the time-switching based radio frequency energy harvesting technique to harvest energy from a multi-antenna beacon. Different antenna selection and relay selection schemes are applied to enhance the security of the system. Specifically, two relay selection schemes based on the partial and full knowledge of channel state information are proposed. The exact closed-form expressions of the systems secrecy outage probability in these schemes are derived. A Monte-Carlo based simulation validates our analysis results.
In this paper, we study the secrecy performance of an energy-harvested relaying assisted free space optical-radio frequency (FSO-RF) network. In particular, a single-beam source sends an optical signal to a multi-aperture relay over an FSO channel, and then the relay converts it into an RF signal and adopts a decode-and-forward protocol to forward it to a multi-antenna destination under the wiretapping of a multi-antenna eavesdropper. We assume that the relay is power constrained, and it requires to harvest energy from a power beacon to assist the information transmission. It is also assumed that the FSO link and all RF links are subject to gamma-gamma fading with atmospheric turbulence and Rayleigh fading, respectively. Analytical expressions for secrecy outage probability (SOP) and the probability of strictly positive secrecy capacity are derived. In addition, the asymptotic expression for SOP is obtained to present insight into secrecy performance at high signal-to-noise ratio regimes. Finally, Monte Carlo simulations verify the correctness of the theoretical derivations.
In this paper, we study radio frequency energy harvesting (EH) in a wireless sensor network in the presence of multiple eavesdroppers (EAVs). Specifically, the sensor source and multiple sensor relays harvest energy from multiple power transfer stations (PTSs), and then, the source uses this harvested energy to transmit information to the base station (BS) with the help of the relays. During the transmission of information, the BS typically faces a risk of losing information due to the EAVs. Thus, to enhance the secrecy of the considered system, one of the relays acts as a jammer, using harvested energy to generate interference with the EAVs. We propose a best-relay-and-best-jammer scheme for this purpose and compare this scheme with other previous schemes. The exact closed-form expression for the secrecy outage probability (SOP) is obtained and is validated through Monte Carlo simulations. A near-optimal EH time algorithm is also proposed. In addition, the effects on the SOP of key system parameters such as the EH efficiency coefficient, the EH time, the distance between the relay and BS, the number of PTSs, the number of relays, and the number of EAVs are investigated. The results indicate that the proposed scheme generally outperforms both the best-relay-and-random-jammer scheme and the random-relay-and-best-jammer scheme in terms of the secrecy capacity.