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Optics Communications

Tunable photonic band gaps and optical nonreciprocity by an RF-driving ladder-type system in moving optical lattice

Nuo Ba, Xin Zhong, Lei Wang, Jin-You Fei, Yan Zhang, Qian-Qian Bao, Xiao Li

Published Dec 14, 2017• 2 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/j.optcom.2017.11.065

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We study the two-color nonreciprocal effects of transmission and reflection in cold atoms driven into the tripod configuration and confined in a moving optical lattice. Our numerical results show that a very high contrast of the forward-backward transmission up to around 92% (reflection up to around 85%) is observable near the sharp edges of two tunable photonic band gaps at lattice speeds of several meters per second. Such two-color optical nonreciprocity is attained in fact by breaking the time-reversal symmetry with asymmetric Doppler shifts and can be dynamically manipulated by varying the driving and coupling field detunings, the probe pulse length, the atomic lattice velocity, etc.
We demonstrate that it is possible to localize photons nonreciprocally in a moving photonic lattice made by spatiotemporally modulating the atomic response, where the dispersion acquires a spectral Doppler shift with respect to the probe direction. A static defect placed in such a moving lattice produces a spatial localization of light in the band gap with a shifting frequency that depends on the direction of incident field with respect to the moving lattice. This phenomenon has an impact not only in photonics but also in broader areas such as condensed matter and acoustics, opening the doors for designing new devices such as compact isolators, circulators, nonreciprocal traps, sensors, unidirectional tunable filters, and possibly even a unidirectional laser.