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Conference proceedings/Conference proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics

Rapid control of two-qubit systems based on measurement feedback

Xiaqing Sun, Sen Kuang, Daoyi Dong

Published Oct 1, 2017• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

For two-qubit systems with a degenerate measurement operator, this paper presents a control approach to achieve rapid stabilization to a target Bell state. This approach uses two control channels where the control laws associated with these two channels are designed as a constant and a switching control law, respectively. In the control scheme, the system state space is divided into two parts: the set containing the target state, and its complementary set. We design corresponding control laws in these two sets via different Lyapunov functions. In this scheme, the system trajectory switches only one or two times between the two sets and the convergence rate to the target state can be improved. We provide the conditions on the control Hamiltonians to stabilize the target state by analyzing the stability of the closed-loop system.

DOI
10.1109/smc.2017.8122621

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For two-qubit systems with a degenerate measurement operator, this paper presents a control approach to achieve rapid stabilization to a target Bell state. This approach uses two control channels where the control laws associated with these two channels are designed as a constant and a switching control law, respectively. In the control scheme, the system state space is divided into two parts: the set containing the target state, and its complementary set. We design corresponding control laws in these two sets via different Lyapunov functions. In this scheme, the system trajectory switches only one or two times between the two sets and the convergence rate to the target state can be improved. We provide the conditions on the control Hamiltonians to stabilize the target state by analyzing the stability of the closed-loop system.
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The exponential quantum projection filtering algorithm is applied in measurement-based quantum feedback control and a specific switching control law is designed to realize the rapid preparation of a target Bell state. First, we use an exponential projection filter to obtain an approximate estimate of the system state, which can reduce the calculation time spent in the measurement process. Then, the quantum state space is partitioned into two subsets to separate the target state from other equilibrium states, two Lyapunov functions are constructed and the corresponding control laws are designed in the two subsets. It is shown that the switching control scheme in this paper ensures that the system trajectory crosses the boundary of the two subsets no more than twice from any initial state, which effectively reduces the time that the system converges to the target Bell state. Numerical simulation on a two-qubit system verifies the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
Bell states are the maximally entangled states in two-qubit quantum systems, and play a significant role in quantum computation and quantum communication. Feedback control of stochastic quantum systems usually suffers from time-delay problems caused by the computation time for filter states and the control input. This paper addresses the preparation of Bell states in two-qubit systems with a constant delay time. A Lyapunov method is used to design a switching control law and a constant is introduced to compensate for the computation time of the estimated states and the feedback control input, thereby stabilizing the target Bell state globally. Numerical results show the effectiveness of the proposed control law.
Rapid stabilization of general stochastic quantum systems is investigated based on the rapid stability of stochastic differential equations. We introduce a Lyapunov–LaSalle-like theorem for a class of nonlinear stochastic systems first, based on which a unified framework of rapidly stabilizing stochastic quantum systems is proposed. According to the proposed unified framework, we design the switching state feedback controls to achieve the rapid stabilization of single-qubit systems, two-qubit systems, and N-qubit systems. From the unified framework, the state space is divided into two state subspaces, and the target state is located in one state subspace, while the other system equilibria are located in the other state subspace. Under the designed state feedback controls, the system state can only transit through the boundary between the two state subspaces no more than two times, and the target state is globally asymptotically stable in probability. In particular, the system state can converge exponentially in (all or part of) the state subspace where the target state is located. Moreover, the effectiveness and rapidity of the designed state feedback controls are shown in numerical simulations by stabilizing GHZ states for a three-qubit system.
In this paper, we consider a two-qubit system undergoing continuous-time measurements. In presence of multiple channels, we provide sufficient conditions on the continuous feedback control law ensuring almost sure exponential convergence to a predetermined Bell state. This is obtained by applying stochastic tools, Lyapunov methods and geometric control tools. With one channel, we establish asymptotic convergence towards a predetermined Bell state. In both cases, we provide explicit expressions of feedback control laws satisfying the above-mentioned conditions. Finally, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our methodology through numerical simulations.
Bell states play a central role in the field of quantum information. For two‐qubit systems, this study proposes a new non‐smooth control strategy within the theoretical framework of quantum continuous measurement, and achieves global feedback stabilisation in any target Bell state. For a target Bell state, the authors select one measured observable and two control channels, where the control law associated with one channel is kept constant. They design a non‐smooth control law for the other control channel, and prove the stability of the whole closed‐loop system. Some simulation experiments show that the control strategy in this paper has a good control effect.