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IEEE International Conference on Nanotechnology (IEEE-NANO)

Quantum blind dual-signature scheme based on cluster states

Hui Chen, Jinjing Shi, Fang Zhou, Jiajing Cheng, Ronghua Shi

Published Jul 1, 2017• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Motivated by the elegant structure of the cluster states, we design an ingenious quantum blind dual-signature scheme, which is implemented by the way of measurement on the cluster sates and can solve some secure information problems between the consumers, merchants, and banks in electronic transaction. In this paper, the initial phase, the signing phase and the verification phase are included. In the signing phase, not only does Alice send a signature to Bob, but Charlie also sends a blind signature to Bob to generate a quantum dual signature. In the verification phase, Bob determines the authenticity and integrity of the information based on the results of the final measurements. The security analysis demonstrates that our signature scheme cannot be forged and denied by any attackers. Importantly, it has a variety of applications to electronic commerce or electronic payment system.

DOI
10.1109/nano.2017.8117321

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Motivated by the elegant structure of the cluster states, we design an ingenious quantum blind dual-signature scheme, which is implemented by the way of measurement on the cluster sates and can solve some secure information problems between the consumers, merchants, and banks in electronic transaction. In this paper, the initial phase, the signing phase and the verification phase are included. In the signing phase, not only does Alice send a signature to Bob, but Charlie also sends a blind signature to Bob to generate a quantum dual signature. In the verification phase, Bob determines the authenticity and integrity of the information based on the results of the final measurements. The security analysis demonstrates that our signature scheme cannot be forged and denied by any attackers. Importantly, it has a variety of applications to electronic commerce or electronic payment system.
Abstract Motivated by the elegant features of a bind signature, we suggest the design of a quantum blind dual-signature scheme with three phases, i.e., initial phase, signing phase and verification phase. Different from conventional schemes, legal messages are signed not only by the blind signatory but also by the sender in the signing phase. It does not rely much on an arbitrator in the verification phase as the previous quantum signature schemes usually do. The security is guaranteed by entanglement in quantum information processing. Security analysis demonstrates that the signature can be neither forged nor disavowed by illegal participants or attacker. It provides a potential application for e-commerce or e-payment systems with the current technology.
On-line merchants must have security protocol and procedures in place to carry out transactions more securely, Due to the popularity of e-commerce payment systems and the widespread use of the internet-based shopping and banking. In this paper we introduce an original blind signature based on quantum cryptographic principles providing unconditional security for off-line transactions. The proposed scheme guarantees the security of payment in real applications by the laws of quantum mechanics. We describe our proposed scheme in detail through a real example and discuss about its unconditional security.
A novel quantum dual signature scheme, which combines two signed messages expected to be sent to two diverse receivers Bob and Charlie, is designed by applying entanglement swapping with coherent states. The signatory Alice signs two different messages with unitary operations (corresponding to the secret keys) and applies entanglement swapping to generate a quantum dual signature. The dual signature is firstly sent to the verifier Bob who extracts and verifies the signature of one message and transmits the rest of the dual signature to the verifier Charlie who verifies the signature of the other message. The transmission of the dual signature is realized with quantum teleportation of coherent states. The analysis shows that the security of secret keys and the security criteria of the signature protocol can be greatly guaranteed. An extensional multi-party quantum dual signature scheme which considers the case with more than three participants is also proposed in this paper and this scheme can remain secure. The proposed schemes are completely suited for the quantum communication network including multiple participants and can be applied to the e-commerce system which requires a secure payment among the customer, business and bank.
A novel encryption algorithm called the chained phase-controlled operation (CPCO) is presented in this paper, inspired by CNOT operation, which indicates a stronger correlation among message states and each message state depending on not only its corresponding key but also other message states and their associated keys. Thus, it can prevent forgery effectively. According to the encryption algorithm CPCO and the classical dual signature protocols, a quantum dual signature scheme based on coherent states is proposed in this paper. It involves three participants, the customer Alice, the merchant Bob and the bank Trent. Alice expects to send her order message and payment message to Bob and Trent, respectively. It is required that the two messages must be linked to guarantee the payment is paid for the corresponding order. Thus, Alice can generate a quantum dual signature to achieve the goal. In detail, Alice firstly signs her two messages with the shared secret key. Then She connects the two signatures into a quantum dual signature. Finally, Bob and Trent severally verify the signatures of the order message and the payment message. Security analysis shows that our scheme can ensure its security against forgery, repudiation and denial. In addition, simulation experiments based on the Strawberry Fields platform are performed to valid the feasibility of CPCO. Experimental results demonstrate that CPCO is viable and the expected coherent states can be acquired with high fidelity, which indicates that the encryption algorithm of the scheme can be implemented on quantum devices effectively.
A scheme of using Cluster quantum entangled state to quantum signature is presented.Cluster state of the program is used as a quantum channel,and each group of quantum bit string signed by Alice is distributed to Alice,notaries TA and inspection signer Bob.The way of loading message is that Alice does transformation operation on the first qubit unitary respectively,and the Bell measurement results of quantum bits are the signature of a message.Bob does the Bell measurement on the corresponding two-qubit to verify the signature,but it must be restricted by the notary TA.It is verified that Cluster state entanglement properties of entangled state,security,local operators have better performance.
Digital signatures are widely used in electronic communications, for example in electronic commerce and e-mail. But classical digital signature scheme only offer security relying on computational assumptions. In contrast, quantum digital signatures provide security based on fundamental principles of quantum physics. Quantum group signatures provide anonymity for signatory, quantum blind signatures provide confidentiality for signed messages. In this paper we demonstrate a quantum group blind signature scheme which have the properties both of group signatures and blind signatures. Besides, the security of our scheme is guaranteed by the quantum mechanics, so without any computational assumption. the group property and blind property of our scheme profits from the properties of the measurement-based quantum computation (MBQC). Our quantum group blind signature scheme can be widely used in e-voting system, e-cash, e-commerce, etc.