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Chinese Physics B

Electrically controlled optical switch in the hybrid opto-electromechanical system *

Li‐Guo Qin, Zhongyang Wang, Hongyang Ma, Shumei Wang, Shangqing Gong

Published Dec 1, 2017• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

To promote the future quantum information technologies, we demonstrate an electrically driven optical switch based on quantum interference in a hybrid opto-electromechanical system, which consists of an opto-mechanical cavity and an external electric circuit. The key element of our scheme is a moveable mirror of cavity as a charged mechanical oscillator capacitively coupled to a fixed charged plate in a variable capacitor. By adjusting the voltage of the capacitor, the displacement of the moveable mirror is modulated, then the cavity field can be electrically turned on or off due to the detuning of the cavity. Based on the cavity induced transparency, the transparency window can be electrically switched on or off by turning on or off the cavity field. Therefore, the susceptibility of the medium in the cavity can be electrically controlled, i.e., the scheme of the electrically controlled absorption switching can be demonstrated. This electrically driven optical switch will excite a development trend and implementation prospect towards the integration and miniaturization of quantum module device in a chip.

DOI
10.1088/1674-1056/26/12/128502

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To promote the future quantum information technologies, we demonstrate an electrically driven optical switch based on quantum interference in a hybrid opto-electromechanical system, which consists of an opto-mechanical cavity and an external electric circuit. The key element of our scheme is a moveable mirror of cavity as a charged mechanical oscillator capacitively coupled to a fixed charged plate in a variable capacitor. By adjusting the voltage of the capacitor, the displacement of the moveable mirror is modulated, then the cavity field can be electrically turned on or off due to the detuning of the cavity. Based on the cavity induced transparency, the transparency window can be electrically switched on or off by turning on or off the cavity field. Therefore, the susceptibility of the medium in the cavity can be electrically controlled, i.e., the scheme of the electrically controlled absorption switching can be demonstrated. This electrically driven optical switch will excite a development trend and implementation prospect towards the integration and miniaturization of quantum module device in a chip.
To promote the future quantum network, we demonstrate an electrically controlled optomechanical entanglement switch in a hybrid opto-electromechanical device, which consists of an opto-mechanical cavity capacitively coupling a variable capacitor, where a nanomechanical oscillator acts as an interface between the cavity and capacitor. In the device, the effective quality and detuning of the cavity can be adjusted by the voltage on the capacitor. Based on the sensitivity of the entanglement to the effective cavity detuning, by changing the voltage, the optomechanical entanglement can be electrically turned on or off. This integrated structure of entanglement switch will excite a development trend and implementation prospect toward integration and miniaturization of quantum module devices in the future quantum network.
The control of slow and fast light propagation, in the probe transmission in a single experiment, is a challenging task. This type of control can only be achieved through highly nonlinear interactions and additional interfering pathway(s), which is therefore seldom reported. Here, we devise a scheme in which slow light, and a tunable switch from slow light to fast light can be achieved in the probe transmission based on a hybrid setup, which is composed of an optical cavity with two charged nano mechanical resonators (MRs). The two MRs are electrostatically coupled via tunable Coulomb coupling strength (gcg_{c}gc​) making a quantum opto-electromechanical system (QOEMS). The parameter gcg_{c}gc​ that couples the two MRs can be switched on and off by controlling the bias voltages on the MRs, and acts as a tunable switch that allows the propagation of transmitted probe field as slow light (gc≠0g_{c} \neq 0gc​=0) or fast light (gc=0g_{c} = 0gc​=0). In our scheme, the magnitude of delay and pulse advancement can be controlled by tuning the Coulomb interaction and power of the pump field. Furthermore, we show that slow light regime in our model is astonishingly robust to the cavity decay rate. In comparison with previous schemes, our scheme has clear advantages that empowers the state-of-the-art photonic industry as well as reflects the strength of emerging hybrid technologies.
We propose a scheme for two-dimensional image storage based on optomechanically induced transparency in a hybrid opto-electromechanical system comprising a cavity optomechanical system and a tunable capacitor. This scheme is a fully opto-electromechanical two-dimensional image storage mechanism that is independent of atomic ensembles. The charged mechanical oscillator serves as the coupling interface between these two subsystems. Analytical and numerical results show that the optomechanical coupling strength in the cavity optomechanical system significantly influences the storage performance of two-dimensional images. When the optomechanical coupling strength is fixed, the storage efficiency can be further improved and optimized by modulating the external voltage applied to the capacitor. The proposed scheme holds promise for applications in two-dimensional image information storage and high-fidelity quantum storage in quantum information processing.
We theoretically investigate the analog of electromagnetically induced absorption and parametric amplification in a hybrid opto-electromechanical system consisting of an optical cavity and a microwave cavity coupled to a common mechanical resonator. When the two cavity modes are driven by two pump fields, a weak probe beam is applied to the optical cavity to monitor the optical response of the hybrid system, which can be effectively controlled by adjusting the frequency and power of the two pump fields. We find that the analog of electromagnetically induced absorption and parametric amplification can appear in the probe transmission spectrum when one cavity is pumped on its red sideband and another is pumped on its blue sideband. These phenomena can find potential applications in optical switching and signal amplification in the quantum information process.
The nonreciprocity between two signal fields is regarded as a key function in future quantum networks and modern communication technologies. Here, we theoretically propose a scheme of nonreciprocal devices between signal fields in two different arbitrarily frequency domains in a hybrid cavity opto-electromechanical system. The model consists of a microwave cavity and an optical cavity, respectively, coupled with two different mechanical oscillators, which are coupled together by the tunable Coulomb interaction and driven by the external electrical fields. We study the nonreciprocal response between two different frequency fields. Nonreciprocal transmission is based on multichannel quantum interference to break time-reversal symmetry. The perfect nonreciprocity is shown in the certain conditions. By adjusting the Coulomb interaction, the phase differences, and strength of the electrically driven fields on the mechanical oscillators, we find that nonreciprocity can be modulated and even transformed into perfect nonreciprocity and reciprocity. These results provide a new insight into the design of nonreciprocal devices and present the potential applications in quantum information processing and quantum networks.
Quantum opto- and electromechanical systems interface mechanical motion with the electromagnetic modes of optical resonators and microwave circuits. The capabilities and promise of these hybrid devices have been showcased through a variety of recent experimental advances that demonstrated exquisite control over the quantum state of solid-state mechanical objects. In this perspective, we offer an overview of the current state, as well as an outlook of the future directions, challenges, and opportunities for this growing field of research. We focus, in particular, on the prospects for ground state cooling of mechanical modes and their use in quantum circuits, transducers, and networks.